The present invention relates to a bipolar ion exchange sheet and a manufacturing method therefor, the bipolar ion exchange sheet comprising: a cation exchange film comprising a cation adsorption sheet and a cation exchange coating layer formed on one side of the cation adsorption sheet; and an anion exchange film comprising an anion adsorption sheet and an anion exchange coating layer formed on one side of the anion adsorption sheet, wherein the cation exchange film and the anion exchange film are bonded so that the cation exchange coating layer and the anion exchange coating layer face each other.

A process for selective isolation of high molecular weight (˜1230 Daltons) naphthenic acids (Arn acids). The process includes providing a polymeric resin with a bound a quaternary amino group and applying a crude oil sample containing Arn acids to the polymeric resin. A first wash of an organic solvent is applied to the sample followed by a second wash of a polar organic solvent mixture. The first two washes remove unwanted crude oil compositions while the Arn acids are bound to the quaternary amino groups. A third wash of acidified organic solvent removes the Arn acids from the polymeric resin, thereby forming an elute comprising the Arn acids and the acidified organic solvent. The acidified organic solve is then evaporated isolating the Arn acids from the crude oil sample.

A process for selective isolation of high molecular weight (˜1230 Daltons) naphthenic acids (Arn acids). The process includes providing a polymeric resin with a bound a quaternary amino group and applying a crude oil sample containing Arn acids to the polymeric resin. A first wash of an organic solvent is applied to the sample followed by a second wash of a polar organic solvent mixture. The first two washes remove unwanted crude oil compositions while the Arn acids are bound to the quaternary amino groups. A third wash of acidified organic solvent removes the Arn acids from the polymeric resin, thereby forming an elute comprising the Arn acids and the acidified organic solvent. The acidified organic solve is then evaporated isolating the Arn acids from the crude oil sample.

An anion exchange membrane is made by mixing 2 trifluoroMethyl Ketone [nominal] (1.12 g, 4.53 mmol), 1 BiPhenyl (0.70 g, 4.53 mmol), methylene chloride (3.0 mL). trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (TFSA) (3.0 mL) to produce a pre-polymer. The pre-polymer is then functionalized to produce an anion exchange polymer. The pre-polymer may be functionalized with trimethylamamine in solution with water. The pre-polymer may be imbibed into a porous scaffold material, such as expanded polytetrafluoroethylene to produce a composite anion exchange membrane.

An anion exchange membrane is made by mixing 2 trifluoroMethyl Ketone [nominal] (1.12 g, 4.53 mmol), 1 BiPhenyl (0.70 g, 4.53 mmol), methylene chloride (3.0 mL). trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (TFSA) (3.0 mL) to produce a pre-polymer. The pre-polymer is then functionalized to produce an anion exchange polymer. The pre-polymer may be functionalized with trimethylamamine in solution with water. The pre-polymer may be imbibed into a porous scaffold material, such as expanded polytetrafluoroethylene to produce a composite anion exchange membrane.

A method for preparing needle coke for ultra-high power (UHP) electrodes from heavy oil is provided. In this method, heavy oil is used as a raw material. The size exclusion chromatography (SEC) is conducted with polystyrene (PS) as a packing material to separate out specific components with a relative molecular weight of 400 to 1,000. The ion-exchange chromatography (IEC) is conducted to remove acidic and alkaline components to obtain a neutral raw material. The neutral raw material is subjected to two-stage consecutive carbonization to obtain green coke, and the green coke is subjected to high-temperature calcination to obtain the needle coke for UHP electrodes. The needle coke has a true density of more than 2.13 g/cm.sup.3 and a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of ≤1.15×10.sup.−6/° C. at 25° C. to 600° C.

A method for preparing needle coke for ultra-high power (UHP) electrodes from heavy oil is provided. In this method, heavy oil is used as a raw material. The size exclusion chromatography (SEC) is conducted with polystyrene (PS) as a packing material to separate out specific components with a relative molecular weight of 400 to 1,000. The ion-exchange chromatography (IEC) is conducted to remove acidic and alkaline components to obtain a neutral raw material. The neutral raw material is subjected to two-stage consecutive carbonization to obtain green coke, and the green coke is subjected to high-temperature calcination to obtain the needle coke for UHP electrodes. The needle coke has a true density of more than 2.13 g/cm.sup.3 and a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of ≤1.15×10.sup.−6/° C. at 25° C. to 600° C.

A method for modifying a polymer carrier material for use as a stationary phase in an analytical or preparative separating method, the method comprising the steps of: providing a polymer carrier material, which is at least partly formed of aromatic hydrocarbon compounds comprising at least two vinyl or allyl substituents; producing hydroxy groups on/in the polymer carrier material by a method comprising an oxidative treatment of the polymer carrier material and a subsequent reductive or hydrolytic treatment of the reaction product; reacting the product from the previous step with a polyfunctional compound. The invention also relates to a polymer carrier material for use as a stationary phase in an analytical or preparative separating method, in particular a chromatography method, produced according to a method according to the invention.

Provided herein are methods of reducing bioburden of a chromatography resin that include exposing a container including a composition including (i) a chromatography resin and (ii) a liquid including at least on alcohol to a dose of gamma-irradiation sufficient to reduce the bioburden of the container and the chromatography resin, where the at least one alcohol are present in an amount sufficient to ameliorate the loss of binding capacity of the chromatography resin after/upon exposure to the dose of gamma-irradiation. Also provided are reduced bioburden chromatography columns including the reduced bioburden chromatography resin, compositions including a chromatography resin and a liquid including at least one alcohol, methods of performing reduced bioburden column chromatography using one of these reduced bioburden chromatography columns, and integrated, closed, and continuous processes for reduced bioburden manufacturing of a purified recombinant protein.

Provided herein are methods of reducing bioburden of a chromatography resin that include exposing a container including a composition including (i) a chromatography resin and (ii) a liquid including at least on alcohol to a dose of gamma-irradiation sufficient to reduce the bioburden of the container and the chromatography resin, where the at least one alcohol are present in an amount sufficient to ameliorate the loss of binding capacity of the chromatography resin after/upon exposure to the dose of gamma-irradiation. Also provided are reduced bioburden chromatography columns including the reduced bioburden chromatography resin, compositions including a chromatography resin and a liquid including at least one alcohol, methods of performing reduced bioburden column chromatography using one of these reduced bioburden chromatography columns, and integrated, closed, and continuous processes for reduced bioburden manufacturing of a purified recombinant protein.