The present disclosure relates, in some embodiments, to a method including demineralizing a protein liquor (i.e., a liquid portion of a lysed microcrop (e.g., Lemna) that has been separated to generate the liquid portion and a solid portion and having a composition including a soluble microcrop protein and a Vitamin B12) to generate a demineralized protein liquor. According to some embodiments, demineralizing the protein liquor may include diafiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis filtration, electrodialysis, and/or passing the protein liquor through an ion exchange resin (e.g., an anion exchange resin. a trialkyl ammonium salt having three methyl groups). In some embodiments, a method may further include concentrating a demineralized protein liquor to generate at least one of a milk base and an electrolyte drink.

An ion exchange tank is provided. The ion exchange tank includes a processing chamber and an additive chamber separated by a weir system, the weir system having a flow channel fluidly connecting the processing chamber to the additive chamber, wherein the flow is divided from the additive chamber by a first partition and divided from the processing chamber by a second partition, wherein the additive chamber comprises a solids-absorbing material disposed therein.

An ion exchange tank is provided. The ion exchange tank includes a processing chamber and an additive chamber separated by a weir system, the weir system having a flow channel fluidly connecting the processing chamber to the additive chamber, wherein the flow is divided from the additive chamber by a first partition and divided from the processing chamber by a second partition, wherein the additive chamber comprises a solids-absorbing material disposed therein.

A composite extractant-enhanced polymer resist comprising an extractant and a polymer resin for direct extraction of valuable metals such as rare earth metals, and more specifically, scandium, Born an acid-leaching slurry and/or acid-leaching solution in which ferric ions are not required to be reduced into ferrous ions. The extractant may be cationic, non-ionic, or anionic. More specifically, the extractant di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid may be used. The polymer resin may be non-functional or have functional groups of sulfonic acid, carboxylic acid, iminodiacetic acid, phosphoric acid, or amines. The composite extractant-enhanced polymer resin may be used for extraction of rare earth metals from acid-leaching slurries or solutions.

A composite extractant-enhanced polymer resist comprising an extractant and a polymer resin for direct extraction of valuable metals such as rare earth metals, and more specifically, scandium, Born an acid-leaching slurry and/or acid-leaching solution in which ferric ions are not required to be reduced into ferrous ions. The extractant may be cationic, non-ionic, or anionic. More specifically, the extractant di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid may be used. The polymer resin may be non-functional or have functional groups of sulfonic acid, carboxylic acid, iminodiacetic acid, phosphoric acid, or amines. The composite extractant-enhanced polymer resin may be used for extraction of rare earth metals from acid-leaching slurries or solutions.

A purification method for a silicon-containing polymer composition capable of reducing metal impurities in a silicon-containing polymer composition to be treated, while suppressing the weight average molecular weight change before and after the treatment, by treating the silicon-containing polymer composition containing the metal impurities with an ion exchange resin having a specific structure; a silicon-containing polymer composition; and a method for producing a semiconductor device. A purification method for a silicon-containing polymer composition reduced in weight average molecular weight change before and after treatment, said method being treating a silicon-containing polymer composition to be treated containing an organic solvent with an gel-type cation exchange resin. The weight average molecular weight change before and after the treatment is 70 or less. The ion exchange resin preferably has a strongly acidic functional group. The total residual amount of 24 metal elements after the ion exchange treatment is 1 ppb or less.

A purification method for a silicon-containing polymer composition capable of reducing metal impurities in a silicon-containing polymer composition to be treated, while suppressing the weight average molecular weight change before and after the treatment, by treating the silicon-containing polymer composition containing the metal impurities with an ion exchange resin having a specific structure; a silicon-containing polymer composition; and a method for producing a semiconductor device. A purification method for a silicon-containing polymer composition reduced in weight average molecular weight change before and after treatment, said method being treating a silicon-containing polymer composition to be treated containing an organic solvent with an gel-type cation exchange resin. The weight average molecular weight change before and after the treatment is 70 or less. The ion exchange resin preferably has a strongly acidic functional group. The total residual amount of 24 metal elements after the ion exchange treatment is 1 ppb or less.

A composite extractant-enhanced polymer resin comprising an extractant and a polymer resin for direct extraction of valuable metals such as rare earth metals, and more specifically, scandium, front an acid-leaching slurry and/or acid-leaching solution in which ferric ions are not required to be reduced into ferrous ions. The extractant may be cationic, non-ionic, or anionic. More specifically, the extractant di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid may be used. The polymer resin may be non-functional or have functional groups of sulfonic acid, carboxylic acid, iminodiacetic acid, phosphoric acid, or amines. The composite extractant-enhanced polymer resin may be used for extraction of ran earth metals from acid-leaching slurries or solutions.

A composite extractant-enhanced polymer resin comprising an extractant and a polymer resin for direct extraction of valuable metals such as rare earth metals, and more specifically, scandium, front an acid-leaching slurry and/or acid-leaching solution in which ferric ions are not required to be reduced into ferrous ions. The extractant may be cationic, non-ionic, or anionic. More specifically, the extractant di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid may be used. The polymer resin may be non-functional or have functional groups of sulfonic acid, carboxylic acid, iminodiacetic acid, phosphoric acid, or amines. The composite extractant-enhanced polymer resin may be used for extraction of ran earth metals from acid-leaching slurries or solutions.

A composite extractant-enhanced polymer resin comprising an extractant and a polymer resin for direct extraction of valuable metals such as rare earth metals, and more specifically, scandium, from an acid-leaching slurry and/or acid-leaching solution in which ferric ions are not required to be reduced into ferrous ions. The extractant may be cationic, non-ionic, or anionic. More specifically, the extractant di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid may be used. The polymer resin may be non-functional or have functional groups of sulfonic acid, carboxylic acid, iminodiacetic acid, phosphoric acid, or amines. The composite extractant-enhanced polymer resin may be used for extraction of rare earth metals from acid-leaching slurries or solutions.