In one aspect, separation media are described herein operable for removing one or more water contaminants, including NOM, fluorinated chemicals, and/or derivatives thereof. Briefly, a separation medium comprises a silica-containing granular support; and an oligomeric stationary phase forming a film on individual grains of the granular support. In some embodiments, the oligomeric stationary phase comprises oligomeric chains covalently bound to the individual grains.

In one aspect, separation media are described herein operable for removing one or more water contaminants, including NOM, fluorinated chemicals, and/or derivatives thereof. Briefly, a separation medium comprises a silica-containing granular support; and an oligomeric stationary phase forming a film on individual grains of the granular support. In some embodiments, the oligomeric stationary phase comprises oligomeric chains covalently bound to the individual grains.

An ion exchange resin comprises a crosslinked resin and a salt covalently bonded to a carbon of the resin, wherein the salt comprises a first non-metallic cation and a first counteranion, wherein the first counteranion comprises a second non-metallic cation and a thiosulfate counteranion, and wherein the ion exchange resin is essentially free of metals. The ion exchange resin finds particular use in the removal of impurities from solutions that are useful in the manufacture of semiconductor devices.

An ion exchange resin comprises a crosslinked resin and a salt covalently bonded to a carbon of the resin, wherein the salt comprises a first non-metallic cation and a first counteranion, wherein the first counteranion comprises a second non-metallic cation and a thiosulfate counteranion, and wherein the ion exchange resin is essentially free of metals. The ion exchange resin finds particular use in the removal of impurities from solutions that are useful in the manufacture of semiconductor devices.

Provided is a method of treating water comprising bringing water that contains dissolved chromium (VI) into contact with an anion exchange composition comprising (a) polymeric beads having covalently bound amine groups, and (b) tin (II) oxide.

Provided is a method of treating water comprising bringing water that contains dissolved chromium (VI) into contact with an anion exchange composition comprising (a) polymeric beads having covalently bound amine groups, and (b) tin (II) oxide.

Provided is an anion exchange composition comprising (a) polymeric beads having covalently bound amine groups, and (b) tin(II) oxide.

Provided is an anion exchange composition comprising (a) polymeric beads having covalently bound amine groups, and (b) tin(II) oxide.

Provided is a resin composition comprising (a) a collection of resin beads, wherein the collection of resin beads has pH of 8 or above, and wherein the collection of resin beads has volume average diameter of 150 m to 2,000 m; and (b) a collection of inorganic particles, wherein the inorganic particles contain one or more alkaline earths, and wherein the collection of inorganic particles has volume average diameter of 0.5 m to 50 m.

Also provided is a method of processing an aqueous composition using such a composition.

Provided is a resin composition comprising (a) a collection of resin beads, wherein the collection of resin beads has pH of 8 or above, and wherein the collection of resin beads has volume average diameter of 150 m to 2,000 m; and (b) a collection of inorganic particles, wherein the inorganic particles contain one or more alkaline earths, and wherein the collection of inorganic particles has volume average diameter of 0.5 m to 50 m.

Also provided is a method of processing an aqueous composition using such a composition.