The invention relates to a process for producing phosgene by gas phase reaction of carbon monoxide and chlorine in the presence of a catalyst in a reactor that comprises a plurality of contact tubes arranged parallel to one another, which contact tubes are filled with the catalyst and around which at least one fluid heat transfer medium flows, a feed stream of a mixture of a chlorine input stream and a carbon monoxide input stream being conducted into the contact tubes and reacted to form a phosgene-containing product gas mixture, characterised in that the product gas mixture is discharged from the contact tubes at an outlet end of the contact tubes. The method according to the invention is characterised in that the gas phase reaction is carried out in the reactor such that the position of the highest temperature in a contact tube (hot spot) moves along the longitudinal axis of the contact tube at a predetermined rate of migration, the hot spot having a rate of migration in the longitudinal direction of the contact tubes which is in the range of 1 to 50 mm per day. The invention also relates to a reactor for carrying out the process.

Systems, devices, and methods for a reactor feed distribution system. In some aspects, a multi-section pipe and an orifice plate. The multi-section pipe includes a first pipe section that defines a first channel and a second pipe section that defines a second channel. Second pipe section includes a first portion extending along a first longitudinal axis, a second portion extending along a second longitudinal axis that is angularly disposed relative to the first longitudinal axis, and a curved portion connecting the first portion to the second portion. The orifice plate is configured to be positioned at an inlet or a first outlet of the first pipe section. The orifice plate includes a maximum transverse dimension that is less than a minimum transverse dimension of each of the first and second channel.

Disclosed is a reaction device, comprising: a reactor body (100) and a supply device (200), wherein the reactor body (100) has a first end (106) and a second end (107) and is used for accommodating a reaction liquid, with a first injection port (101) being provided between the first end (106) and the second end (107), and a discharge port (109) being provided at the second end (107); and the supply device (200) is in communication with the first injection port (101) to inject a continuous phase, wherein the continuous phase directionally flows in the reactor body (100) to form or maintain a parameter gradient in the reactor body (100). By means of injecting the continuous phase into the first injection port (101) on the reactor body (100), the solution presents a certain parameter gradient on two sides of the first injection port (101) in the reactor body (100).

The invention relates to a method for preparing core-shell structured particle precursor under a co-precipitation reaction. In this method, by controlling the feeding of different types of anion compositions and/or cation compositions, and adjusting the pH to match with the species, precipitated particles are deposited to form a precipitated particle slurry, filtering, and drying the precipitated particle slurry to yield the particle precursor. The invention also provides a particle precursor which includes a core-shell structure. The shell is made of gradient anions and/or cations. Such particle precursor can be used to prepare cathode of lithium-ion battery.

The invention is directed to a chemical reactor (100) having (a) two or more gas reactor elements (12) with each gas reactor element (12) having (i) a first reaction chamber (38), and (ii) a feed assembly unit (36), (b) a second reaction chamber (20) coupled with each of the two or more gas reactor elements (12) and configured to independently receive two or more product streams from the two or more gas reactor elements (12); and optionally, (c) a gas converging section (40) located downstream to the second reaction chamber (20). The invention is further directed to a method of producing chemical products using the chemical reactor (100) of the present invention.

The present invention relates to a multiphase injection device suitable for use in a high-temperature process environment, comprising a nozzle and a plurality of passageways in the nozzle, wherein the plurality of passageways comprises a primary passageway and at least one secondary passageway. The passageways are operable to simultaneously inject respective process media into a reactor at different angles relative to each other.

The invention concerns a reactor for chemical vapour deposition from first and second precursor gases, the reactor comprising: —a chamber including top and bottom walls and a side wall linking the top and bottom walls, —a support intended for receiving at least one substrate, mounted inside the chamber, and —at least one system for injecting precursor gases, the system comprising an injection head including at least one nozzle for supplying the first precursor gas (41) in a main direction of axis A-A′, the at least one nozzle including: a precursor gas supply conduit (321), and an outlet member (322) generating a substantially annular 43 vortex flow (44) around axis A-A′.

The invention provides a built-in micro-interface oxidation system for preparing terephthalic acid from p-xylene. The oxidation system includes a first reactor, a rectifying tower and a second reactor which are sequentially connected. A first outlet is disposed on a side wall of the first reactor; a first inlet is disposed on a side wall of the second reactor; a material inlet is disposed on a side wall of the rectifying tower; and a material outlet is disposed at a bottom of the rectifying tower. The first outlet is connected with the material inlet of the rectifying tower; the first inlet is connected with the material outlet of the rectifying tower. Micro-interface units are arranged in the first reactor and the second reactor for dispersing and crushing air into bubbles. Through disposing micro-interface units in reactors, problems of high energy consumption, high raw material consumption and low reaction efficiency are solved.

An apparatus for preparing polyalpha-olefins has an input unit (1), a microchannel reactor (2), and a post-treatment unit (3) that are successively connected. The input unit has a mixer and/or pipeline(s) for delivering an olefin raw material, an auxiliary feed and a BF.sub.3 catalyst to the microchannel reactor (2). The apparatus and process that utilizes the apparatus allow flexible and rapid mixing of the catalyst, the auxiliary feed and the olefin raw material, and have the advantages of high polymerization reaction speed, good mass and heat transfer effects, high reaction conversion, good product selectivity and excellent performance, thereby being suitable for large-scale industrial production.

A manufacturing system and method for recycling and smelting crushed silica from silicon plants, including a crushed silica storage device, granulator, submerged arc furnace, transfer device, forming device and cooling system. Firstly silicon waste is collected, then crushed silica is output to a granulator. The granulator mixes the waste irregular crushed silica with water, and granulates and produces small particles having an uniform grain size as the raw material for smelting. The raw material is smelted in the submerged arc furnace. The forming device evenly pours the silicon liquid into the cooling system according to a set flow rate. The silicon liquid is solidified to form silicon pellets, and then a lift system is used to lift the formed silicon pellets, wherein the silicon liquid poured into the cooling system has a uniform diameter. The system can rapidly and efficiently smelt the silicon waste from the silicon plants.