A photothermal catalytic method for production of hydrogen peroxide without a sacrificial reagent on the basis of a porphyrin-based supermolecule is provided. The method includes the following steps: uniformly mixing a porphyrin-based supermolecule photocatalyst with a concentration of 0.3-1.5 g/L with ultrapure water, conducting irradiation with a visible light for a period of time under stirring at a temperature of 40-80° C. and an O.sub.2 flow rate of 50-150 mL/min, and then filtering and concentrating a reaction liquid to obtain an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution with a high concentration. According to the new photothermal catalytic method for preparing the hydrogen peroxide provided in the present disclosure, no organic solvent (such as ethanol, isopropanol and benzyl alcohol) is used as a sacrificial reagent, and the method is environmentally friendly and free of pollution. O.sub.2 is used as an oxygen source, sunlight is used as an energy source, and the method is low in energy consumption and high in safety (compared with an industrial anthraquinone method for synthesizing hydrogen peroxide). The method is simple in operation, mild in reaction conditions and high in production of the hydrogen peroxide.

A catalyst for halogen production for oxidizing a hydrogen halide with oxygen to produce a halogen, the catalyst for halogen production including 4% or less by volume of water with respect to a pore volume of the catalyst for halogen production while the catalyst is encapsulated in a package, and the package encapsulating therein the catalyst for halogen production for oxidizing a hydrogen halide with oxygen to produce a halogen, wherein the catalyst for halogen production includes 4% or less by volume of water with respect to a pore volume of the catalyst for halogen production.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a molding catalyst for obtaining chlorine (Cl.sub.2) through an oxidation reaction of hydrogen chloride (HCl), and more specifically, to a method for producing an oxidation reaction molding catalyst by adding heterogeneous material to a ruthenium oxide (RuO.sub.2)-supported catalyst having titanium oxide (TiO.sub.2) as a supporting body, and molding so as to be usable in a fixed bed reactor to produce chlorine (Cl.sub.2) from hydrogen chloride (HCl).

Methods and catalysts for oxidizing ammonia to nitrogen are described. Specifically, diruthenium complexes that spontaneously catalyze this reaction are disclosed. Accordingly, the disclosed methods and catalysts can be used in various electrochemical cell-based energy storage and energy production applications that could form the basis for a potential nitrogen economy.

[Problem] The present invention addresses the problem of developing a catalyst compound which has blood-brain barrier penetration properties and enables the oxygenation of amyloids in a body upon being irradiated with light from the outside of the body and providing a prophylactic and therapeutic agent for amyloid-related diseases using the catalyst compound.

[Solution] It is found that a compound having such a framework that an azobenzene-like structure and boron together form a complex is useful as a novel biocatalyst which can selectively oxygenate an amyloid and can prevent the aggregation of the amyloid upon being irradiated with light while significantly reducing the molecular weight of the amyloid. It is also found that the compound can exhibit an oxygenation activity upon the irradiation with light having a longer wavelength which has high tissue penetration properties and has excellent blood-brain barrier penetration properties.

The present invention relates to a method for oxidative cleavage of a substrate consisting of at least one functionalised or non-functionalised linear olefin, in particular a mono- or polyunsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acid, or one of the esters thereof, or at least one non-functionalised cyclic olefin, using hydrogen peroxide, in the presence of a metal catalyst which consists of at least one onium halooxodiperoxometallate. It also relates to a novel catalyst consisting of a specific onium halooxodiperoxometallate which can be used, in particular, in said method.

The present invention relates to a novel method for photocatalytic oxidation of allylic C—H bonds present in alkenes containing at least three carbon atoms. In this newly disclosed method, such alkenes, when reacted with carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) in an organic solvent containing a catalyst comprising of a supported molecular complex of transition metal ions under conditions of ambient temperature and pressure using a readily available household LED lamp, yield oxygenated products. The developed method represents a unique way to use CO.sub.2 as an oxygen transfer agent to unsaturated organic compounds along with the formation of CO as a co-product using light as an energy source.

An olefin or a slack wax of 10 to 100 carbon atoms is oxidized by mixing said wax with a salt of an alkaline earth metal in an amount to provide 0.001 to 0.03 weight percent of the alkaline earth metal, the anion of the salt comprising 4 to 36 carbon atoms; heating the mixture to 100 to 180° C.; and supplying to the heated mixture a molecular oxygen-containing gas. The oxidation is conducted in the substantial absence of manganese or cobalt compounds. The oxidized wax may be esterified by reaction with an alcohol. The oxidized wax may be used in a coating composition.

Provided is a fuel reforming system that can convert gasoline into alcohol in a vehicle. Provided is a fuel reforming system (1) equipped with a reformer (15) having a reforming catalyst (152) that uses air to reform gasoline to produce alcohol, a mixer (14) which mixes gasoline and air and supplies the mixture to the reformer (15), and a condenser (16) which separates the gas produced in the reformer (15) into a gas phase and a condensed phase of which reformed fuel is the primary constituent; wherein the fuel reforming system (1) is characterized in that the reforming catalyst (152) is configured including a main catalyst for extracting hydrogen atoms from the hydrocarbons in the gasoline to produce alkyl radicals, and a catalytic promoter for reducing alkyl hydroperoxides produced from the alkyl radicals to produce alcohol.

An object of a first aspect of the present invention is to provide a radical generating catalyst that can generate (produce) radicals under mild conditions. In order to achieve the above object, a first radical generating catalyst according to the first aspect of the present invention is characterized in that it includes ammonium and/or a salt thereof. A second radical generating catalyst according to the first aspect of the present invention is characterized in that it includes an organic compound having Lewis acidic properties and/or Brønsted acidic properties.