A zinc-based nanohybrid was prepared using a facile wet chemistry process. This nanohybrid has zinc oxide nanostructures connected to zinc phthalocyanine molecules via biologically important ligands. In addition, this nanohybrid has photocatalytic properties and photodegrades water pollutants, such as methyl orange.

Disclosed are a metal-carbon hybrid composite having a nitrogen-doped carbon surface and a method of manufacturing the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a metal-carbon hybrid composite, wherein the surface of carbon for the metal-carbon hybrid composite may be doped with nitrogen in a single step using a co-vaporization process, and to a metal-carbon hybrid composite having a nitrogen-doped carbon surface manufactured by the method.

In a cross section perpendicular to a central axis direction of the honeycomb substrate, cells are arranged so that a periphery of an inlet plugged cell is surrounded with four rectangular outlet plugged cells and four square outlet plugged cells, and in the cross section, a partition wall center distance a, a partition wall center distance b and a partition wall thickness t satisfy the following equation (1). Additionally, an amount of a catalyst per unit volume of partition walls which is loaded onto the partition walls defining the rectangular outlet plugged cells and the inlet plugged cells is larger than an amount of a catalyst per unit volume of the partition walls which is loaded onto the partition walls defining the rectangular outlet plugged cells and the square outlet plugged cells
0.95<b/at<1.90(1).

This present disclosure is directed to methods for the preparation of a hydrotreatment catalyst, such as nanoscale nickel phosphide (i.e., Ni.sub.2P) particles supported on high-surface area metal oxides (e.g., silica, alumina, amorphous silica-alumina), in a manner that is compatible with conditions employed in commercial hydrotreating units. The catalyst synthesis includes impregnation, drying, and in situ reduction, and can provide highly active catalysts for the removal of S and N impurities from crude oil fractions.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing nanoparticles by using laser and more particularly, a method for preparing nanoparticles by irradiating a laser beam to the mixture of a source material gas and a hexafluoride (SF.sub.6) catalyst gas, thereby improving the production yield of nanoparticles with energy saved. More particularly, the present invention provides the method for preparing the nanoparticles by using the laser wherein the laser beam of wavelength having the excellent energy absorption by the mixture gas of source material gas and catalyst gas is irradiated to the mixture gas so as to increase the reactivity of the source material gas with energy saved, which brings the effects of solving the problems of damaging environment due to the unreacted toxic source material gas incurred by the low production yield of the conventional nanoparticle preparation method and of making system complicated with the high cost when the discarded source gas is recovered and reused.

A method for making catalysts of noble metal nanoparticles or alloy nanoparticles or both having shaped morphology, the method including the steps of: pretreating a support material; impregnating metal precursors onto the support material; and then reducing the impregnated metal precursors into shaped metal nanoparticles or shaped alloy nanoparticles or both using a functional gas atmosphere.

This invention provides a catalyst comprising a new form of ZnFe.sub.2O.sub.4 spinel nanoparticles, and a method for preparing same. The catalyst is useful for catalyzing the esterification of fatty acids or transesterification of triglycerides, wherein the reaction rate and conversion can be enhanced by free fatty acids.

A catalyst support comprising samarium, zirconium and aluminum is disclosed. The catalyst support may have a general formula of Sm.sub.2xZr.sub.xAl.sub.2xO.sub.4, in which x is a molar ratio that may be between 0.3 and 0.6.

A semiconductor material basically consists of titanium oxide, with the special feature of being like nanostructures, which gives special physicochemical properties, with ability to disperse and stabilize metal particles with high activity and selectivity in catalytic processes mainly. The process of producing the semiconductor material includes adding a titanium alkoxide to an alcoholic solution, adding an acid to the alcoholic solution, controlling the pH from 1 to 5; subjecting the acidic solution to agitation and reflux conditions at 70 to 80 C.; stabilizing the medium and adding bidistilled water in a water/alkoxide molar ratio of 1-2/0.100-0.150, continuing with reflux until gelation; aging the gel for 1 to 24 hours for complete formation of the titania; drying the titania nanostructured at of 50 to 80 C. for about 1 to 24 hours, and subjecting the dried titania to a calcination step at 200 to 600 C. for 1 to 12 hours.

A process for the co-production of acetic acid and dimethyl ether by contacting methyl acetate and methanol in the presence of catalysts comprising crystalline zeolites having a FER framework type which crystallites have a dimension in the c-axis of about 500 nanometres (nm) or less and a ratio of the c-axis:b-axis dimension of 5:1 or greater and a method for preparation of the zeolites utilising piperazines.