A system for determining an amount of fungal particles in air in a building includes including: an air inlet connected to a filter for filtering particles having a size of 1-120 μm; means for collecting fungal particles from the filtered particles and transferring the collected fungal particles to at least one sample cuvette; means for dry denaturation of the fungal particles; means for producing a voltage change of the dry denaturised fungal particles and means for detection of voltage changes caused by the dry denaturised fungal particles to obtain voltage change data; means for collecting a sample; means for wet denaturation of the fungal particles subsequent to the detection of voltage changes. The system further includes at least two of means for immunological detection of the fungal species in the sample to obtain immunological data; means for measuring glucose concentration of the sample to obtain glucose concentration data; means for measuring light emission of the sample to obtain light emission data.

A system for determining an amount of fungal particles in air in a building includes including: an air inlet connected to a filter for filtering particles having a size of 1-120 μm; means for collecting fungal particles from the filtered particles and transferring the collected fungal particles to at least one sample cuvette; means for dry denaturation of the fungal particles; means for producing a voltage change of the dry denaturised fungal particles and means for detection of voltage changes caused by the dry denaturised fungal particles to obtain voltage change data; means for collecting a sample; means for wet denaturation of the fungal particles subsequent to the detection of voltage changes. The system further includes at least two of means for immunological detection of the fungal species in the sample to obtain immunological data; means for measuring glucose concentration of the sample to obtain glucose concentration data; means for measuring light emission of the sample to obtain light emission data.

A measuring apparatus and a method for determining the degree of bacterial contamination of process liquids uses at least one gas sensor for measuring the gas concentration of a gas producible by aerobic bacteria in the process liquid. An evaluating device is connected with the sensor for evaluating a sensor signal generated by the sensor and correlated with the degree of bacterial contamination. To determine the degree of bacterial contamination a funnel-shaped gas collecting bell is partly immersed in the process liquid so that a gas collection cavity for collection of the escaping gas is formed directly above the process liquid surface in the gas collecting bell. The gas escaping can be fed by a gas pump via a gas feed line to the sensor, conducted via the sensor and pumped back again to the gas collection cavity by way of a gas return line.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an injection apparatus and an injection method for a liquid sample for standard gas production, wherein the injection apparatus for injecting a liquid sample present in a liquid state at room temperature into a standard gas container has an improved structure that minimizes the area in which the liquid sample directly contacts the injection apparatus so as to prevent the problem in which the liquid sample is adsorbed into the injection apparatus. Furthermore, another purpose of the present invention is to provide an injection apparatus and an injection method for a liquid sample for standard gas production, in which a step of volatilizing the remaining liquid sample by heating is eliminated during the injection of the liquid sample, thereby preventing the apparatus from being damaged by heating to thereby improve the durability of the apparatus.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an injection apparatus and an injection method for a liquid sample for standard gas production, wherein the injection apparatus for injecting a liquid sample present in a liquid state at room temperature into a standard gas container has an improved structure that minimizes the area in which the liquid sample directly contacts the injection apparatus so as to prevent the problem in which the liquid sample is adsorbed into the injection apparatus. Furthermore, another purpose of the present invention is to provide an injection apparatus and an injection method for a liquid sample for standard gas production, in which a step of volatilizing the remaining liquid sample by heating is eliminated during the injection of the liquid sample, thereby preventing the apparatus from being damaged by heating to thereby improve the durability of the apparatus.

Provided is a gas-generating material which exhibits a high adhesive property to a member to be adhered and which makes it possible to generate a gas in a large amount per unit time even when the gas-generating material contains a silane coupling agent. The gas-generating material according to the present invention contains: a binder resin; a gas-generating agent which is an azo compound or an azide compound; and a silane coupling agent having an amino group.

Provided is a gas-generating material which exhibits a high adhesive property to a member to be adhered and which makes it possible to generate a gas in a large amount per unit time even when the gas-generating material contains a silane coupling agent. The gas-generating material according to the present invention contains: a binder resin; a gas-generating agent which is an azo compound or an azide compound; and a silane coupling agent having an amino group.

Methods and systems for capture of CO.sub.2 from a hydrated gaseous stream are described. Systems can be utilized for direct air capture of CO.sub.2 and incorporate a low energy temperature-vacuum swing adsorption (TVSA) process. A TVSA process can include a multi-step CO.sub.2 capture bed regeneration process that includes depressurization of the bed, heating of the bed, venting and purging of the bed, and cooling of the bed. Multiple beds can be cycled between CO.sub.2 capture and regeneration, during which captured CO.sub.2 is recovered. Off-gas from a CO.sub.2 capture bed can be used in regenerating a parallel bed for increased efficiency.

Methods and systems for capture of CO.sub.2 from a hydrated gaseous stream are described. Systems can be utilized for direct air capture of CO.sub.2 and incorporate a low energy temperature-vacuum swing adsorption (TVSA) process. A TVSA process can include a multi-step CO.sub.2 capture bed regeneration process that includes depressurization of the bed, heating of the bed, venting and purging of the bed, and cooling of the bed. Multiple beds can be cycled between CO.sub.2 capture and regeneration, during which captured CO.sub.2 is recovered. Off-gas from a CO.sub.2 capture bed can be used in regenerating a parallel bed for increased efficiency.

A container cap liner that that facilitates the storage of gases and various volatile organic compounds (VOCs). More particularly, the container cap liner reduces the loss of gases and various volatile compounds thereby providing for relatively longer storage periods with relatively more accurate analytical analysis.