A method for jet milling of damp or wet grist in a jet mill, such that at least one of the operating parameters is appropriately selected so that a combined drying and milling process occurs in which, to obtain an end product with predetermined degree of fineness and moisture content. The specific operating mechanism required for milling is selected so that it is greater than or equal to the specific drying requirement, and the end product is released from the jet mill with the predetermined fineness and moisture content. In addition, the invention relates to a jet mill to perform this method, such that adjusting, controlling or regulating devices are foreseen for adjusting, controlling or regulating at least one of the operating parameters.

A method for jet milling of damp or wet grist in a jet mill, such that at least one of the operating parameters is appropriately selected so that a combined drying and milling process occurs in which, to obtain an end product with predetermined degree of fineness and moisture content. The specific operating mechanism required for milling is selected so that it is greater than or equal to the specific drying requirement, and the end product is released from the jet mill with the predetermined fineness and moisture content. In addition, the invention relates to a jet mill to perform this method, such that adjusting, controlling or regulating devices are foreseen for adjusting, controlling or regulating at least one of the operating parameters.

Apparatus (10; 110) for the micronization of a powdered material or product (P) comprising a micronizer mill (20), of the type with high-energy jets of a gaseous fluid, in turn comprising a micronization chamber (20a), in which micronization chamber the powdered material (P) is micronized as a result of the collisions between its particles caused by the high-energy jets (G) of a first gaseous fluid (A), such as nitrogen or air, wherein the micronization chamber (20a) of the micronizer mill (20) is delimited by walls (20f) which have at least one porous portion which is traversed by a regular flow (f1), of a second gaseous fluid (F), aimed towards the interior of the micronization chamber, so as to avoid the formation of incrustations and/or accumulations of powdered material in the same micronization chamber (20a). More particularly the micronization apparatus (10) comprises a first outer annular chamber (20b) which extends around the micronization chamber (20a) and is fed by the first gaseous fluid (A) which generates the high-energy jets in the micronization chamber, and a second intermediate annular chamber (20d) which is associated with the porous wall (20f) which delimits the micronization chamber (20a) and is fed by the second gaseous fluid (F) aimed to flow through this porous wall, or, in a variant (110) of the micronization apparatus, comprises instead of the first annular chamber a system of channels (120b) which convey the first gaseous fluid which generates the high-pressure jets and extend through the annular chamber (120d) fed by the second gaseous fluid (F) which traverses the porous wall. Advantageously the apparatus of the invention (10; 110), avoiding the formation of incrustations and similar accumulations inside the micronization chamber (20a) of the micronization mill (20) and in the adjacent areas, improves the efficiency of the micronization process and the quality of the micronized end product and moreover considerably reduces the costs of maintenance with respect to conventional micronization mills and apparatuses, with high-energy jets of a gaseous fluid.

Apparatus (10; 110) for the micronization of a powdered material or product (P) comprising a micronizer mill (20), of the type with high-energy jets of a gaseous fluid, in turn comprising a micronization chamber (20a), in which micronization chamber the powdered material (P) is micronized as a result of the collisions between its particles caused by the high-energy jets (G) of a first gaseous fluid (A), such as nitrogen or air, wherein the micronization chamber (20a) of the micronizer mill (20) is delimited by walls (20f) which have at least one porous portion which is traversed by a regular flow (f1), of a second gaseous fluid (F), aimed towards the interior of the micronization chamber, so as to avoid the formation of incrustations and/or accumulations of powdered material in the same micronization chamber (20a). More particularly the micronization apparatus (10) comprises a first outer annular chamber (20b) which extends around the micronization chamber (20a) and is fed by the first gaseous fluid (A) which generates the high-energy jets in the micronization chamber, and a second intermediate annular chamber (20d) which is associated with the porous wall (20f) which delimits the micronization chamber (20a) and is fed by the second gaseous fluid (F) aimed to flow through this porous wall, or, in a variant (110) of the micronization apparatus, comprises instead of the first annular chamber a system of channels (120b) which convey the first gaseous fluid which generates the high-pressure jets and extend through the annular chamber (120d) fed by the second gaseous fluid (F) which traverses the porous wall. Advantageously the apparatus of the invention (10; 110), avoiding the formation of incrustations and similar accumulations inside the micronization chamber (20a) of the micronization mill (20) and in the adjacent areas, improves the efficiency of the micronization process and the quality of the micronized end product and moreover considerably reduces the costs of maintenance with respect to conventional micronization mills and apparatuses, with high-energy jets of a gaseous fluid.

A system for the exfoliation of a layered material is described, comprising in combination: an exfoliation station (14-22) operating on a volume of a dispersion of a layered precursor material, including a wet-jet milling device (10); and a collecting station (30, 40), located downstream of the exfoliation station (14-22), operating on a volume of a dispersion of the at least partly exfoliated material, in which the exfoliation station (14-22) and the collecting station (30, 40) are connected to each other through a fluid communication path (20) along which there are interposed flow regulating means (50) adapted to assume a first operating configuration in which the communication path (20) between the exfoliation station (14-22) and the collecting station (30, 40) is discontinued, where the exfoliation station (14-22) is adapted to subject a volume of dispersion of layered precursor material to a predetermined number of wet jet milling cycles; and a second operating configuration in which the communication path (20) between the exfoliation station (14-22) and the collecting station (30, 40) is continuous, where the exfoliation station (14-22) is adapted to convey a volume of previously milled dispersion including at least partly exfoliated material to the collecting station (30, 40) and is placed in communication with a supply chamber (12) to be fed with a further volume of a dispersion of layered precursor material that has to be exfoliated.

A system for the exfoliation of a layered material is described, comprising in combination: an exfoliation station (14-22) operating on a volume of a dispersion of a layered precursor material, including a wet-jet milling device (10); and a collecting station (30, 40), located downstream of the exfoliation station (14-22), operating on a volume of a dispersion of the at least partly exfoliated material, in which the exfoliation station (14-22) and the collecting station (30, 40) are connected to each other through a fluid communication path (20) along which there are interposed flow regulating means (50) adapted to assume a first operating configuration in which the communication path (20) between the exfoliation station (14-22) and the collecting station (30, 40) is discontinued, where the exfoliation station (14-22) is adapted to subject a volume of dispersion of layered precursor material to a predetermined number of wet jet milling cycles; and a second operating configuration in which the communication path (20) between the exfoliation station (14-22) and the collecting station (30, 40) is continuous, where the exfoliation station (14-22) is adapted to convey a volume of previously milled dispersion including at least partly exfoliated material to the collecting station (30, 40) and is placed in communication with a supply chamber (12) to be fed with a further volume of a dispersion of layered precursor material that has to be exfoliated.

The embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to subterranean formation operations and, more particularly, to milling oilfield particulates for use in subterranean formation operations. The embodiments provide systems and methods comprising jet mills that can be customized to grind desirably sized crude oilfield particulates, thereby creating operational oilfield particulates, and containerized for ease of use, movement, and shipping.

The embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to subterranean formation operations and, more particularly, to milling oilfield particulates for use in subterranean formation operations. The embodiments provide systems and methods comprising jet mills that can be customized to grind desirably sized crude oilfield particulates, thereby creating operational oilfield particulates, and containerized for ease of use, movement, and shipping.

A bead mill and an associated bead-mill-based machine for testing mechanical fragility of red blood cells, employing a cartridge configured to contain a sample while cells get stressed via bead oscillation and, in the case of the fragility testing machine, also while lysis levels get detected, for presentation of fragility information.

A bead mill and an associated bead-mill-based machine for testing mechanical fragility of red blood cells, employing a cartridge configured to contain a sample while cells get stressed via bead oscillation and, in the case of the fragility testing machine, also while lysis levels get detected, for presentation of fragility information.