Improved free-swinging hammermill hammer configurations are disclosed and described for comminution of materials such as grain and refuse. The hammer configurations of the present disclosure are adaptable to most hammer mill or grinders having free-swinging systems. The configurations as disclosed and claimed are non-forged and incorporate a saddle or hammer mouth. The merging of a hammer and saddle improves strength to reduce or maintain the weight of the hammer while increasing the amount of force delivered to the material to be comminuted. The improved configurations incorporate comminution edges having increased hardness for longer operational run times. The improved configurations improve installing, removing, and cleaning hammer components within the hammermill. The improved configurations may incorporate hammermill rod hole of varying shapes and sizes and saddles of varying shapes and sizes or the use of non-planar hammer bodies that have a recessed or protruding surface.

A crusher comprises at least one protective liner which is releasably fitted within the crusher so as to protect a structural element of the crusher which is subject to wear due to its contact with material passing the crushing gap, at least a part of an outwardly directed surface of the protective liner constituting a wear surface. The at least one protective liner comprises an elastic material layer and wear resistant inserts retained by the elastic material layer, wherein outwardly directed surfaces of the wear resistant inserts form part of the wear surface of the protective liner.

A wear surface that is easily modified and fitted for installation to a wearable surface includes alternating longitudinal wear members and retaining members. The wear members consist of a hard material such as white iron with good wear resistance. The retaining members are of a ductile material that is readily welded and overlap the wear members on each side over at least a portion of their length. The retaining members can be welded to the equipment to be protected and retain the wear members which are not readily welded.

Plate-shaped wear elements for milling means, in particular of agitator mills, having at least one inclined surface area, kits employing them, their uses and methods using them.

The disclosure relates to a concave (20) of a cone crusher and/or gyratory crusher for installation inside a crusher head (30), wherein the concave (20) has a central longitudinal axis (M) extending in the longitudinal direction of the concave, wherein the concave (20) has a feed (24.1) for material to be crushed on its top (O) and a crushed material discharge area (24.2) on its opposite bottom (U), and wherein the concave (20) has a base part (21) having an outer clamping surface (28). In order to reduce the amount of parts and installation work, provision is made according to the disclosure for the base part (21) to have a support section (25) having fastening lugs (26) projecting radially outwards, wherein the fastening lugs (26) are disposed spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction of the support section (25) by means of spacer areas, wherein at least one clearance is provided in each of the spacer areas, which clearances permit a penetration in the direction of the central longitudinal axis (M) from the bottom (U) in the direction of the top (O), and wherein the radially outward extent of the clamping surface (28) is greater, at least sectionally, than the radially outward extent of the fastening lugs (26).

Various wear resistance designs may be applied to a reactor configured to facilitate chemical reactions, and/or comminution using shockwaves created in a supersonic gaseous vortex. The reactor may include a rigid chamber having a substantially circular cross-section. A first gas inlet may be configured to introduce a high-velocity gas stream into the chamber. A first replaceable wear part may be disposed in the chamber to absorb wear impact caused by the gas stream. In some implementations, the first replaceable wear part may be a cylindrical rod continuously fed into the chamber. In some implementations, the first replaceable wear part may be coated with, or composed of, a catalytic material, and/or may be electrically isolated from the rest of the reactor. In some implementations, a second gas inlet may be disposed to steer the gas stream to a desired area within the chamber to even out the wear impact.

Improved free-swinging hammermill hammer configurations are disclosed and described for comminution of materials such as grain and refuse. The hammer configurations of the present disclosure are adaptable to most hammer mill or grinders having free-swinging systems. The configurations as disclosed and claimed are non-forged and incorporate a saddle or hammer mouth. The merging of a hammer and saddle improves strength to reduce or maintain the weight of the hammer while increasing the amount of force delivered to the material to be comminuted. The improved configurations incorporate comminution edges having increased hardness for longer operational run times. The improved configurations improve installing, removing, and cleaning hammer components within the hammermill. The improved configurations may incorporate hammermill rod hole of varying shapes and sizes and saddles of varying shapes and sizes or the use of non-planar hammer bodies that have a recessed or protruding surface.

Improved free-swinging hammermill hammer configurations are disclosed and described for comminution of materials such as grain and refuse. The hammer configurations of the present disclosure are adaptable to most hammer mill or grinders having free-swinging systems. The configurations as disclosed and claimed are non-forged and incorporate a saddle or hammer mouth. The merging of a hammer and saddle improves strength to reduce or maintain the weight of the hammer while increasing the amount of force delivered to the material to be comminuted. The improved configurations incorporate comminution edges having increased hardness for longer operational run times. The improved configurations improve installing, removing, and cleaning hammer components within the hammermill. The improved configurations may incorporate hammermill rod hole of varying shapes and sizes and saddles of varying shapes and sizes or the use of non-planar hammer bodies that have a recessed or protruding surface.

The various embodiments disclosed and pictured illustrate a hammer for comminuting various materials. The embodiments pictured and described herein are primarily for use with a rotatable hammermill assembly. The double end hammer includes a connection portion having a slot therein and two contact ends for delivery of energy to the material to be comminuted. The contact ends may be formed with a cavity therein. The contact ends may also be formed with an angle on the contact end periphery. The cavity and/or the angle on the contact end periphery may be used with hammers other than the double end hammers.

A wear-resistant element for partial insertion into a recess on the surface of a wear area of a comminuting device. The wear-resistant element includes particles made of a highly wear-resistant material which are embedded in a matrix material.