Embodiments of the present disclosure provide for methods and systems for making structures using an electrospray system while under vacuum. In particular, embodiments of the present disclosure provide for methods and systems for ultra-fast growth of high aspect ratio nano/meso/micro-structures with three dimensional topological complexity and control of phase and composition of the structure formed.

An electrostatic fluid delivery system is configured to deliver fluid, such as a disinfectant fluid, onto a surface by electrically charging the fluid and forming the fluid into a mist, fog, plume, or spray that can be directed onto a surface, such as a surface to be cleaned. The system atomizes the fluid using a high-pressure fluid stream and passes the fluid through an electrode of a nozzle assembly to charge droplets of the atomized fluid.

Proposed is a multi-needle head. The multi-needle head includes at least one adapter mounted with a needle in which liquid is discharged therethrough, and includes a holder in which the adapter is fixed. An O-ring having an outer diameter thereof larger than a width of a body of the adapter is coupled to the body of the adapter, a fixing hole into which the body of the adapter is inserted is formed in the holder, and an O-ring fixing portion having an inner diameter thereof larger than an inner diameter of the fixing hole is formed in the middle of the fixing hole such that the O-ring is positioned at the O-ring fixing portion. A vertical width of the O-ring fixing portion is larger than a vertical width of the O-ring, thereby allowing a height of the adapter that is fixed to the holder to be adjusted.

Proposed is a multi-needle head. The multi-needle head includes at least one adapter mounted with a needle in which liquid is discharged therethrough, and includes a holder in which the adapter is fixed. An O-ring having an outer diameter thereof larger than a width of a body of the adapter is coupled to the body of the adapter, a fixing hole into which the body of the adapter is inserted is formed in the holder, and an O-ring fixing portion having an inner diameter thereof larger than an inner diameter of the fixing hole is formed in the middle of the fixing hole such that the O-ring is positioned at the O-ring fixing portion. A vertical width of the O-ring fixing portion is larger than a vertical width of the O-ring, thereby allowing a height of the adapter that is fixed to the holder to be adjusted.

An electrostatic fluid delivery system is configured to deliver fluid, such as a disinfectant fluid, onto a surface by electrically charging the fluid and forming the fluid into a mist, fog, plume, or spray that can be directed onto a surface, such as a surface to be cleaned. The system atomizes the fluid using a high-pressure air stream and passes the fluid through an electrode inside a nozzle assembly to charge, such as negatively charge, droplets of the atomized fluid. The system uses a unique nozzle design that is configured to optimally atomize the fluid into various sized droplets.

A selectively configurable spray gun may include a gun body comprising a selectable forward section and a rearward section. The rearward section may be connected with either of two or more selectable forward sections so as to selectively configure the spray gun to operate either with a dense phase powder supply configuration or a with dilute phase powder supply configuration. The rearward section may include a selectable powder flow path that is connectable at an inlet end to a source of dense phase powder and at an outlet end to a selectable spray nozzle in the selectable forward section that may optionally include a diffuser. An adapter may be used to connect the rearward section with a selectable spray nozzle or air cap. A manual spray gun embodiment is also presented. A selectively configurable spray gun for use with a dense phase powder supply may include a smaller diameter powder tube that extends through a larger diameter powder tube.

Methods, devices, and systems for performing nebulization of a sample from a fluid channel of a microfluidic device are described. The systems or devices disclosed herein may comprise microfluidic devices that comprise a gas channel used for nebulization of the sample at a fluid outlet of the microfluidic device. In some instances, the disclosed devices may be designed to perform isoelectric focusing followed by further characterization of the separated analytes using electrospray ionization coupled with nebulization to introduce the samples into a mass spectrometer. The disclosed methods, devices, and systems provide for fast, accurate separation and characterization of protein analyte mixtures or other biological molecules by isoelectric point.

A method of manufacturing optoelectronic components includes spraying a fluorescent layer of an optoelectronic component onto a substrate, the substance or the substance mixture of the fluorescent layer including an electric charge when sprayed on, and wherein the electrically charged substance or the at least partially electrically charged substance mixture includes a larger electric potential when the fluorescent layer is sprayed on than at least one area of the substrate; and locally adjusting the thickness of the fluorescent layer of the sprayed-on fluorescent substance when spraying on the fluorescent layer onto the substrate by an electric potential gradient.

A chamber (1) and an air conduit (7) connecting a liquid surface retaining hole (5) with an air hole (6) for supplying air from the outside of an electrostatic atomizer (50) to the chamber (1) are provided. When the liquid surface retaining hole (5) is blocked, the liquid supply from a liquid supplying section (3) to the chamber (1) will be stopped. The air conduit (7) has bent sections (8), and a space (10) for holding the liquid is formed in the air conduit (7).

A chamber (1) and an air conduit (7) connecting a liquid surface retaining hole (5) with an air hole (6) for supplying air from the outside of an electrostatic atomizer (50) to the chamber (1) are provided. When the liquid surface retaining hole (5) is blocked, the liquid supply from a liquid supplying section (3) to the chamber (1) will be stopped. The air conduit (7) has bent sections (8), and a space (10) for holding the liquid is formed in the air conduit (7).