A roofing material including a substrate having a top face and a bottom face. The roofing material further includes a non-asphalt coating applied to the substrate and an asphalt layer covering at least a portion of the top face. The bottom face is asphalt-free, or substantially asphalt-free.

A roofing material including a substrate having a top face and a bottom face. The roofing material further includes a non-asphalt coating applied to the substrate and an asphalt layer covering at least a portion of the top face. The bottom face is asphalt-free, or substantially asphalt-free.

A roofing material including a substrate having a top face and a bottom face. The roofing material further includes a non-asphalt coating applied to the substrate and an asphalt layer covering at least a portion of the top face. The bottom face is asphalt-free, or substantially asphalt-free.

An optically variable device may be manufactured by aligning magnetic flakes on a surface of an adhesive layer by applying the flakes onto the adhesive layer surface in presence of a magnetic field, and curing the adhesive layer having magnetic flakes adhered to the adhesive layer. When cured, the adhesive layer holds the magnetic flakes oriented, enabling subsequent encapsulation of the oriented magnetic flakes in a coating layer on the adhesive layer, without a substantial loss of orientation of the magnetic flakes.

An optically variable device may be manufactured by aligning magnetic flakes on a surface of an adhesive layer by applying the flakes onto the adhesive layer surface in presence of a magnetic field, and curing the adhesive layer having magnetic flakes adhered to the adhesive layer. When cured, the adhesive layer holds the magnetic flakes oriented, enabling subsequent encapsulation of the oriented magnetic flakes in a coating layer on the adhesive layer, without a substantial loss of orientation of the magnetic flakes.

A process for the large-scale manufacturing vertically standing hybrid nanometer scale structures of different geometries including fractal architecture of nanostructure within a nano/micro structures made of flexible materials, on a flexible substrate including textiles is disclosed. The structures increase the surface area of the substrate. The structures maybe coated with materials that are sensitive to various physical parameters or chemicals such as but not limited to humidity, pressure, atmospheric pressure, and electromagnetic signals originating from biological or non-biological sources, volatile gases and pH. The increased surface area achieved through the disclosed process is intended to improve the sensitivity of the sensors formed by coating of the structure and substrate with a material which can be used to sense physical parameters and chemicals as listed previously. An embodiment with the structures on a textile substrate coated with a conductive, malleable and bio-compatible sensing material for use as a biopotential measurement electrode is provided.

Provided is a resin-coated metal sheet for a container having a resin layer (A) having a multi-layer structure containing polyester as a main component on an inner-surface side of the container when the metal sheet is formed into the container. The resin layer (A) contains terephthalic acid in an amount of 85 mol % or more, the resin layer (A) has at least two layers including an uppermost resin layer (a1) which comes into contact with contents and contains wax compounds in an amount of 0.10 mass % or more and 2.0 mass % or less with respect to the uppermost resin layer (a1), with respect to a Raman band of 1615 cm.sup.?1 determined by performing Raman spectroscopy on the uppermost resin layer (a1), the maximum value of the peak intensity ratio (I.sub.MD/I.sub.ND) of peak intensity in a longitudinal direction to peak intensity in a thickness direction is 1.0 or more and 4.0 or less, a thickness of the uppermost resin layer (a1) is 0.5 ?m or more and 10 ?m or less, and a thickness of the resin layer (A) excluding the thickness of the uppermost resin layer (a1) is 5 ?m or more and 20 ?m or less.

Application of a resin to a pool surface to provide a colored finish that is ultraviolet resistant. The resin may be a powder that can be melted at a fairly low temperature and applied to the pool surface. A first later of resin may be applied to an epoxy layer that is applied to the pool surface to provide better adhesion while the epoxy is still tacky (hot-flocking). The hot-flocking causes the resin and the epoxy to blend into a single layer. An additional layer of resin may be applied after the epoxy and the first layer of resin fully cured. After the second layer of resin has cured an additional layer may be applied to provide designs and/or markings. The designs/markings may be produced with tape and/or stencils and the next layer may be applied to the non-covered areas to provide the desired look.

Application of a resin to a pool surface to provide a colored finish that is ultraviolet resistant. The resin may be a powder that can be melted at a fairly low temperature and applied to the pool surface. A first later of resin may be applied to an epoxy layer that is applied to the pool surface to provide better adhesion while the epoxy is still tacky (hot-flocking). The hot-flocking causes the resin and the epoxy to blend into a single layer. An additional layer of resin may be applied after the epoxy and the first layer of resin fully cured. After the second layer of resin has cured an additional layer may be applied to provide designs and/or markings. The designs/markings may be produced with tape and/or stencils and the next layer may be applied to the non-covered areas to provide the desired look.

The invention covers both the sole structure and its related production equipment and technology, especially in relation to a type of flocked shoe sole. Compared with the existing technology, the shoe sole can trap and retain fiber particles via electrostatic or electrostatic spraying, which is not only anti-slippery also with elegant looking and reduce the cost. This set of equipment for making flocked sole is highly automatic, easy to operate, save the labor and reduce the production cost. The production procedure consists of 1) applying prime coating; 2) applying adhesive; 3) natural flock retention or electrostatic flocking; 4) electrostatic separation, cleaning, pairing and packaging. The whole process has been shortened dramatically, simplify the procedure, and reduce the cost. Also the solvent and adhesive used are both environmental friendly, harmless, which helps increase the productivity and yield.