There is provided a decorative sheet having excellent design properties, i.e., low gloss, and having fingerprint resistance, high durability (particularly scratch resistance or contamination resistance), and processability. A decorative sheet (1) according to this embodiment includes: a base material layer (2); and a surface protective layer (5) provided on one surface of the base material layer (2), in which the surface protective layer (5) has ridge-like parts provided to project in a ridge-like shape and form an irregular shape on the surface, RSm/Ra of the irregular shape of the surface protective layer (5) is within the range of 10 or more and 300 or less, the surface protective layer (5) contains an ionizing radiation curable resin as a main material, the ionizing radiation curable resin contains, as a main component, a trifunctional acrylic resin containing a repeating structure, the repeating structure is any one of the structures of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and ε-caprolactone, and the number of repetitions of the repeating structure is 3 or more.

A method and apparatus for applying a faux wood grain finish to plastic architectural plastic boards. The method employs a climate-controlled area for denibbing of boards to prepare a surface and a sprayer to achieve a desired depth of color. A wiper spreads the sprayed on material to form a faux grain finish which may include faux wood knots. The boards are directed through a combination infrared and convection oven having independent curing zones providing specific drying profiles. Once cured, the boards are cooled with forced air cool down fans and transferred into a climate-controlled area for applying a topcoat. The topcoat board is passed through an oven set to a defined temperature for curing and cooled down with forced air cool down fans before packaging and shipping.

A method and apparatus for applying a faux wood grain finish to plastic architectural plastic boards. The method employs a climate-controlled area for denibbing of boards to prepare a surface and a sprayer to achieve a desired depth of color. A wiper spreads the sprayed on material to form a faux grain finish which may include faux wood knots. The boards are directed through a combination infrared and convection oven having independent curing zones providing specific drying profiles. Once cured, the boards are cooled with forced air cool down fans and transferred into a climate-controlled area for applying a topcoat. The topcoat board is passed through an oven set to a defined temperature for curing and cooled down with forced air cool down fans before packaging and shipping.

An apparatus and methods for using coatings for metal applications are disclosed. According to one embodiment, an article comprises a cured polymeric film having a first reaction product of a cationic photoinitiator and a compound suitable for cationic polymerization. The article has a second reaction product of a free-radical photoinitiator and a compound suitable for free-radical polymerization; The article has a metal substrate, wherein the cured polymeric film coats the metal substrate.

The present disclosure relates to polymer coatings covalently attached to the surface of a substrate and the preparation of the polymer coatings, such as poly(N-(5-azidoacetamidylpentyl)acrylamide-co-acrylamide) (PAZAM), in the formation and manipulation of substrates, such as molecular arrays and flow cells. The present disclosure also relates to methods of preparing a substrate surface by using beads coated with a covalently attached polymer, such as PAZAM, and the method of determining a nucleotide sequence of a polynucleotide attached to a substrate surface described herein.

The present disclosure relates to polymer coatings covalently attached to the surface of a substrate and the preparation of the polymer coatings, such as poly(N-(5-azidoacetamidylpentyl)acrylamide-co-acrylamide) (PAZAM), in the formation and manipulation of substrates, such as molecular arrays and flow cells. The present disclosure also relates to methods of preparing a substrate surface by using beads coated with a covalently attached polymer, such as PAZAM, and the method of determining a nucleotide sequence of a polynucleotide attached to a substrate surface described herein.

Embodiments provided herewith are directed to self-assembled methods of preparing a patterned surface for sequencing applications including, for example, a patterned flow cell or a patterned surface for digital fluidic devices. The methods utilize photolithography to create a patterned surface with a plurality of microscale or nanoscale contours, separated by hydrophobic interstitial regions, without the need of oxygen plasma treatment during the photolithography process. In addition, the methods avoid the use of any chemical or mechanical polishing steps after the deposition of a gel material to the contours.

Embodiments provided herewith are directed to self-assembled methods of preparing a patterned surface for sequencing applications including, for example, a patterned flow cell or a patterned surface for digital fluidic devices. The methods utilize photolithography to create a patterned surface with a plurality of microscale or nanoscale contours, separated by hydrophobic interstitial regions, without the need of oxygen plasma treatment during the photolithography process. In addition, the methods avoid the use of any chemical or mechanical polishing steps after the deposition of a gel material to the contours.

A method of coating a donor surface with a layer of thermoplastic particles, the method comprising: providing a supply of the thermoplastic particles suspended in a fluid, applying the fluid to the donor surface, in a manner to cause the particles suspended in the fluid to form a substantially continuous particle coating on the donor surface, causing fluid flow within an interior plenum of a housing over a portion of the donor surface partially disposed therein, the fluid flow being of sufficient magnitude to entrain particles that are not in direct contact with the donor surface and insufficient to entrain particles that are in direct contact therewith; and extracting from the plenum fluid and particles which are not in not direct contact with the donor surface, so as to leave adhering to the donor surface a particle coating that is substantially only a single particle deep.

A method of coating a donor surface with a layer of thermoplastic particles, the method comprising: providing a supply of the thermoplastic particles suspended in a fluid, applying the fluid to the donor surface, in a manner to cause the particles suspended in the fluid to form a substantially continuous particle coating on the donor surface, causing fluid flow within an interior plenum of a housing over a portion of the donor surface partially disposed therein, the fluid flow being of sufficient magnitude to entrain particles that are not in direct contact with the donor surface and insufficient to entrain particles that are in direct contact therewith; and extracting from the plenum fluid and particles which are not in not direct contact with the donor surface, so as to leave adhering to the donor surface a particle coating that is substantially only a single particle deep.