Described herein are methods for coating a substrate with a photocatalytic compound, and photocatalytic elements prepared by these methods.

A wire grid polarizer and method of making a wire grid polarizer can protect delicate wires of the wire grid polarizer from damage. The wire grid polarizer can include a protective-layer located on an array of wires. The array of wires can further be protected by a chemical coating on an inside surface of the air-filled channels, closed ends of the air-filled channels, damaged wires of the array of wires in a line parallel to an edge of the wire grid polarizer, or combinations thereof. The method can include (i) providing the wire grid polarizer, (ii) applying the protective-layer, by physical vapor deposition or chemical vapor deposition but excluding atomic layer deposition, onto the array of wires, (iii) cutting the wire grid polarizer wafer into multiple wire grid polarizer parts, then (iv) protecting the array of wires.

Disclosed is a fluorine-containing composition containing a fluorine-containing compound represented by general formula (1) and a fluorine-based solvent.

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Disclosed is a fluorine-containing composition containing a fluorine-containing compound represented by general formula (1) and a fluorine-based solvent.

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A problem is to provide a method and a device for producing a conductive polymer conductor according to which a conductive polymer cm be easily adhered to a base material with high accuracy. A solution is a production device 10 equipped with a heating means 11 for heating a base material 22, a raw material application means 12 for applying, to the base material 22, a raw material solution containing a monomer of the conductive polymer, and a producing solution application means 13 for applying, to the base material 22, a producing solution containing an oxidizing agent for promoting polymerization of the monomer, a dopant for developing electrical conductivity in the conductive polymer, and a viscosity improver for improving viscosity. The raw material solution is applied thereto after heating the base material 22 or while heating the base material 22, and then the producing solution is applied thereto.

A plating apparatus can perform a plating process on an entire surface of a substrate uniformly. A plating apparatus 20 includes a substrate holding/rotating device 110 configured to hold and rotate a substrate 2; a discharging device 21 configured to discharge a plating liquid toward the substrate 2 held on the substrate holding/rotating device 110; and a controller 160 configured to control the substrate holding/rotating device 110 and the discharging device 21. Further, the discharging device 21 includes a first nozzle 40 having a multiple number of discharge openings 41 arranged in a radial direction of the substrate 2 or having a discharge opening 42 extended in the radial direction of the substrate 2; and a second nozzle 45 having a discharge opening 46 configured to be positioned closer to a central portion of the substrate 2 than the discharge opening of the first nozzle 40.

A method of forming a passivated pigment slurry includes combining a resin and a pigment to form a pigment-resin slurry, wherein the pigment includes a plurality of flakes each having a surface. After combining, the method includes mixing the pigment-resin slurry and an orthosilicate to form a coated pigment-resin slurry. The coated pigment-resin slurry includes the resin and a coated pigment including the plurality of flakes each encapsulated by a first layer formed from silica and disposed on the surface. The method further includes reacting the coated pigment-resin slurry and an organosilane compound having a hydrolysable group and an organic functional group to coat the first layer and thereby form the passivated pigment slurry. The passivated pigment slurry includes the resin and a passivated pigment including the plurality of flakes each coated with a second layer disposed on the first layer.

The present disclosure describes a treated cellulosic material comprising: a cellulosic material having a porous structure defining a plurality of pores, at least a portion of the pores containing a treating agent comprising: a polymer comprising an olefin-carboxylic acid copolymer; and a modifying agent comprising a hydrophobic amine.

An UV (ultraviolet), IR (infrared) and NIR (near infrared) protection system and method for surfaces or substrates that experience degradation from solar radiation, UV/IR/NIR exposure. The method for protecting a substrate from UV degradation includes treating a surface of the substrate to allow a UV blocking agent to adhere to the surface of the substrate, applying the UV blocking agent to the surface of the substrate, and allowing the surface of the substrate to harden, thereby adhering the UV blocking agent to the surface of the substrate. The UV/IR/NIR protection system is tunable so that specific ranges of the UV spectrum may be blocked to reduce or eliminate UV degradation. The UV protection system may be in the form of a dispersion, suspension, emulsion, or in other liquid application form; in a solid particle form; or a pre-mold/precast transfer medium when applied to or it becomes the given substrate.

Various embodiments of the present disclosure pertain to methods of making carbon nanotube-coated substrates by dissolving carbon nanotubes in a solvent to form a carbon nanotube solution; and coating a surface of a substrate with the carbon nanotube solution to form one or more carbon nanotube layers on the surface of the substrate. The carbon nanotube solution may include a superacid solvent. A cable made out of the carbon nanotube-coated substrates may include one or more internal insulating layers that surround the surface of one or more internal conductors. Carbon nanotube solutions may be coated onto the one or more internal insulating layers to form one or more carbon nanotube layers. Additional embodiments of the present disclosure pertain to carbon nanotube-coated substrates formed by the methods of the present disclosure. The carbon nanotube-coated substrates may include one or more carbon nanotube layers derived from a carbon nanotube solution.