The present invention is directed to mobile radiation systems and methods of use that comprise a mobile UVA irradiator including a power supply, a UVA lamp, a control and system indicator unit; a UV radiation blocker nest having an adaptor opening for receiving a hand-held irradiator when said irradiator is in a seated position in said nest; and a mobile carrier comprising a first compartment for housing said power supply, hand-held irradiator, said irradiator nest, wheels and said control unit. The nest may be configured to conform to the hand-held irradiator to block irradiation from the hand-held irradiator when it is energized and in its seated position. The mobile radiation device produced UVA radiation having peak radiation wavelength in a range of from 250 nm to 450 nm and can have a peak irradiation power in a range of from 0.5 W/cm.sup.2 to 10 W/cm.sup.2.

A method of detecting a defect in an applied volume of material includes detecting a pressure discontinuity during dispensing the volume of material along a predetermined path on a substrate. The pressure discontinuity is indicative of the defect in the applied volume of material. The location of the defect along the predetermined path is function of a start time of the pressure discontinuity and the size of the defect is a function of a time duration of the pressure discontinuity. The method can further include determining whether or not to repair the defect as a function of the location and the size of the defect in the applied volume of material. The method includes repairing the defect by re-directing the material applicator to the location of the defect and dispensing additional material at the location of the defect.

Coating adhesion promotors and methods of coating a substrate are provided. In an exemplary embodiment, a method of coating a substrate includes applying an adhesion promotor over a primer, where the primer overlies the substrate. The adhesion promotor includes water. A first colored coat is applied over the adhesion promotor, and the first colored coat is flash dried. Tape is applied in a pattern over the first colored coat prior to the first colored coat fully curing. A second colored coat is applied over the first colored coat and over the tape, and the tape is removed from the first colored coat prior to the first colored coat fully curing.

A method of applying a surface treatment on a contoured surface includes attaching a surface treatment repair assembly to the contoured surface that includes a robotic unit and an array of applicator heads, each applicator head being configured to apply a repair treatment to the contoured surface. A location of the surface treatment relative to the surface treatment repair assembly is determined using an optical sensor configured to scan the contoured surface and generate an image data set of the contoured surface. A damaged portion of the surface treatment is identified and a target area for surface treatment repair is defined based on comparing the image data set generated by the optical sensor and a pristine image data set. The surface treatment repair assembly is positioned with the array of applicator heads adjacent to the surface treatment, and each applicator head is selectively operated to repair the surface treatment.

A free radical curable automotive body primer is provided that has a color change corresponding to the progress of the cure process until a dry to sand condition has been attained and an internal colored guide coat that does not change color given its exposure to ambient air and as a result, has a different color on the surface of the primer than when in bulk, allowing for the detection and removal of low spots or other imperfections from a vehicle body by additional sanding of the inventive primer to remove oxidized guide coat colorant surface regions. The cure color change is achieved through resort to at least one color changing dye that reacts with a free radical cure initiator during the vehicle body priming process and changes color to indicate when the primer composition has achieved a level of cure so as to be dry enough to sand.

Methods for forming a hole in a coated component are provided. The method may include forming a sacrificial layer over a ceramic barrier coating of a substrate, drilling a hole into the coated component such that any spatter formed during drilling deposits onto the sacrificial layer, and removing the sacrificial layer along with the spatter deposited thereon. The sacrificial layer may include a rare earth oxide (e.g., rare earth oxide particles). Intermediate ceramic matrix composite (CMC) component are also provided. The intermediate CMC may include a CMC body, an environmental barrier coating on the bond coating, and a sacrificial layer on the environmental barrier coating, with the sacrificial layer including particles of a rare earth oxide dispersed in a polymeric matrix.

In some examples, a method including applying a wet bond coat slurry to a damaged area of a coating system on a metal substrate, the bond coat slurry including a liquid binder, glass and/or glass-ceramic particles, and ceramic oxide particles; depositing fibers onto the wet bond coat slurry, wherein the fibers include metallic and/or ceramic fibers; applying a ceramic composite slurry on the bond coat while the bond coat is wet or at least partially dried to form a ceramic composite layer, the bond coat including a plurality of partially exposed fibers, wherein, following the application of the ceramic composite slurry, a first portion of fibers of the plurality of fibers are embedded in the bond coat and a second portion of fibers of the plurality of fibers extend into the layer of the ceramic composite slurry; and heating the bond coat and the ceramic composite layer to form a repaired portion of the coating system on the metal substrate, wherein heating the bond coat melts the glass particles and/or the glass-ceramic particles to form a fully amorphous glass phase or a mixture of amorphous and crystalline glass phases which bond with the metal substrate.

A method and alignment system for minimizing errors in the deposition of films of tailored thickness. A first position on a stage is identified for optimal placement of a downward looking microscope (DLM) and an upward looking microscope (ULM) when alignment marks on the DLM and ULM are aligned, where the DLM is attached to a bridge and the ULM is attached to the stage. A second position on the stage is identified when the ULM on the stage is aligned with the alignment marks on a metrology tool. A surface of a chucked substrate affixed to the stage is then measured. A map between a substrate coordinate system and a metrology coordinate system may then be obtained using the measured surface of the chucked substrate with the first and second positions.

Described is an aqueous composition for repairing and/or sealing of hardened concrete structures, the aqueous composition including colloidal silica and polycarboxylate ether. Also described is a method for repairing and/or sealing a hardened concrete structure, including a step of applying an aqueous composition including colloidal silica and polycarboxylate ether to a hardened concrete structure or a part thereof.

Methods and systems for converting inactive chemicals into active chemicals in-situ for treating oil and gas pipelines, other industrial systems, or sanitizing surfaces. Also, methods of treating an oil and gas pipeline including feeding an inactive additive through a first conduit and into a second conduit, the second conduit is in fluid communication with the first conduit and the oil and gas pipeline. The inactive additive is converted into an active additive within the second conduit and introduced into the oil and gas pipeline.