This disclosure relates to a glucose-sensing electrode including a nanoporous metal layer and a maltose-blocking layer formed over the nanoporous metal layer. The nanoporous metal layer is capable of oxidizing both glucose and maltose without an enzyme specific to glucose or maltose in the glucose-sensing electrode. The maltose-blocking layer has porosity that permits glucose to pass therethrough and inhibits maltose from passing therethrough toward the nanoporous metal layer.

This disclosure relates to a glucose-sensing electrode including a nanoporous metal layer and a maltose-blocking layer formed over the nanoporous metal layer. The nanoporous metal layer is capable of oxidizing both glucose and maltose without an enzyme specific to glucose or maltose in the glucose-sensing electrode. The maltose-blocking layer has porosity that permits glucose to pass therethrough and inhibits maltose from passing therethrough toward the nanoporous metal layer.

The present invention addresses the problem of providing a transparent product which has an anti-glare surface having a surface shape which makes it possible to lower the haze value thereof and to obtain an excellent glare-suppressing effect. The transparent product has a transparent substrate 11 equipped with an anti-glare surface. The surface shape of the anti-glare surface is shaped in a manner such that the ratio (r.sub.0/r.sub.0.2) of the autocorrelation length (r.sub.0), which is the minimum value of the distance r at which the autocorrelation function g(r) represented by formula (1) is 0, to the autocorrelation length (r.sub.0.2), which is the minimum value of the distance r at which the autocorrelation function g(r) is 0.2, is 2 or higher. The autocorrelation function g(r) is obtained by converting the autocorrelation function g(t.sub.x, t.sub.y) obtained by normalizing the surface shape z(x, y) of the antiglare surface to polar coordinates (t.sub.x=r cos Φ, t.sub.y=r sin Φ), and averaging the angle direction. $\begin{array}{c}g\left(r\right)=\frac{1}{2\pi }{\int }_0^{2\pi }d\varnothing .Math.g(r\end{array}$

The present invention provides a coating composition which has excellent trickle resistance and forms a coating film that exhibits excellent gloss stability. A coating composition which contains a hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A), a polyisocyanate compound (B), a matting agent (C), an organic solvent (D1) and an organic solvent (D2), and which is characterized in that: the organic solvent (D1) has a boiling point within the range of 190-250° C. and a solubility parameter of from 9 to 11 (inclusive); the organic solvent (D2) has a boiling point within the range of 100-140° C. and a solubility parameter of 8 or more but less than 9; and with respect to the contents of the organic solvent (D1) and the organic solvent (D2) based on 100 parts by mass of the total solid content of the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (A) and the polyisocyanate compound (B), the content of the organic solvent (D1) is within the range of 5-40 parts by mass and the content of the organic solvent (D2) is within the range of 35-75 parts by mass.

This coated metal sheet for exterior covering has a metal sheet and a top coating layer disposed on the metal sheet, the top coating layer is configured from a fluororesin and contains a gloss control agent comprising 0.01-15 vol % of microporous particles and a matte agent comprising primary particles, and the coated metal sheet satisfies the belowmentioned formulae. In the number-based particle size distribution of the gloss control agent and the matte agent, R is the number average particle size (μm) of the gloss control agent, D1.sub.97.5 and D2.sub.97.5 represent the 97.5% particle size (μm) of the gloss control agent and the matte agent, Ru is the upper limit particle size (μm) of the gloss control agent, and T is the top coating layer thickness (μm).

D1.sub.97.5/T≦0.9

Ru≦1.2T

R≧1.0

0.5≦D2.sub.97.5/T≦7.0

3≦T≦40.

This coated metal sheet for exterior covering has a metal sheet and a top coating layer disposed on the metal sheet, the top coating layer is configured from a fluororesin and contains a gloss control agent comprising 0.01-15 vol % of microporous particles and a matte agent comprising primary particles, and the coated metal sheet satisfies the belowmentioned formulae. In the number-based particle size distribution of the gloss control agent and the matte agent, R is the number average particle size (μm) of the gloss control agent, D1.sub.97.5 and D2.sub.97.5 represent the 97.5% particle size (μm) of the gloss control agent and the matte agent, Ru is the upper limit particle size (μm) of the gloss control agent, and T is the top coating layer thickness (μm).

D1.sub.97.5/T≦0.9

Ru≦1.2T

R≧1.0

0.5≦D2.sub.97.5/T≦7.0

3≦T≦40.

A proximity sensor includes a lead supported on an outer surface of a case structure and a sensor wire that extends from the lead and through an opening in the case structure. The sensor is formed by applying alternating layers of electrically conductive and non-conductive materials in a non-cured state. A base non-conductive layer is applied to an inner surface of the case structure around the sensor wire in a non-cured state. Once cured, a conductive layer is deposited onto the base non-conductive layer and encapsulates the sensor wire. A cover non-conductive layer is then deposited over portions of the conductive layer to insulate the conductive layer. Portions of the non-conductive layer are then removed such that an area of the conductive layer is exposed to define a sensor area.

A proximity sensor includes a lead supported on an outer surface of a case structure and a sensor wire that extends from the lead and through an opening in the case structure. The sensor is formed by applying alternating layers of electrically conductive and non-conductive materials in a non-cured state. A base non-conductive layer is applied to an inner surface of the case structure around the sensor wire in a non-cured state. Once cured, a conductive layer is deposited onto the base non-conductive layer and encapsulates the sensor wire. A cover non-conductive layer is then deposited over portions of the conductive layer to insulate the conductive layer. Portions of the non-conductive layer are then removed such that an area of the conductive layer is exposed to define a sensor area.

Systems and methods are provided for depositing a structured paint material on a surface. According to one embodiment, the method comprises introducing an initiator to a paint composition comprising methyl methacrylate (MMA) and a first retroreflective element to produce a liquid mixture, depositing the liquid mixture on a surface of a substrate to produce a layer of structured paint material, and depositing a layer of a second retroreflective element onto at least a portion of an upper surface of the deposited layer of structured paint material, and wherein a coefficient of retroreflected luminance of the layer of structured paint material is at least 1400 mcd/m.sup.2/lux.

A block copolymer film having a line pattern with a high degree of long-range order is formed by a method that includes forming a block copolymer film on a substrate surface with parallel facets, and annealing the block copolymer film to form an annealed block copolymer film having linear microdomains parallel to the substrate surface and orthogonal to the parallel facets of the substrate. The line-patterned block copolymer films are useful for the fabrication of magnetic storage media, polarizing devices, and arrays of nanowires.