The invention eliminates defects generated in a metal filling a through hole of a printed board by changing an angle at which a plating solution is sprayed or by changing a posture of the printed board at a time point in a process of precipitating the metal from the plating solution and filling the through hole with the precipitated metal while the plating solution or air bubbles are being sprayed onto the printed board.

The invention eliminates defects generated in a metal filling a through hole of a printed board by changing an angle at which a plating solution is sprayed or by changing a posture of the printed board at a time point in a process of precipitating the metal from the plating solution and filling the through hole with the precipitated metal while the plating solution or air bubbles are being sprayed onto the printed board.

A first conductive polymer solution in which fine particles of a conductive polymer are dispersed is applied to a dielectric layer of aluminum oxide, and this solution is dried to form a first conductive polymer layer. Next, a coating solution is applied to the first conductive polymer layer, this solution containing at least one selected from an aromatic sulfonic acid having, in one molecule of the acid, a carboxyl group and a hydroxyl group, or two carboxyl groups, and a salt of the aromatic sulfonic acid. The solution is then dried to form a coating layer. Next, a second conductive polymer solution is applied to the coating layer, the solution being a solution in which fine particles of a conductive polymer are dispersed. This solution is then dried to form a second conductive polymer layer. This process gives a solid electrolyte layer of a capacitor element.

Various embodiments disclosed relate to anti-static compositions and gloves made from the same. In various embodiments, the present invention provides a doped polyaniline comprising a dopant that is a polyacrylic acid; a polymethacrylic acid; a sulfonatocalixarene; a cyclodextrin sulfate; a compound having the structure:

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wherein R.sup.2 is chosen from substituted or unsubstituted (C.sub.1-C.sub.10)hydrocarbyl- and substituted or unsubstituted (C.sub.1-C.sub.10)hydrocarbyl-O—. L.sup.1 is substituted or unsubstituted (C.sub.1-C.sub.10)hydrocarbylene. L.sup.2 is chosen from a bond, —O—, —O—C(O)—, and —NH—C(O)—, and n is about 1 to about 100,000; a salt thereof; or a combination thereof.

A method of manufacturing electronics using a nanoparticle ink printing method includes: synthesizing a phase change material (PCM) ink composition using hot injection to develop nanoparticles of the PCM; suspending the nanoparticles with a solvent; and printing a reconfigurable component using the PCM ink composition in additive manufacturing. Electronics includes: a substrate layer; an insulator layer printed on top of the substrate layer; a heater layer printed on top of the insulator layer; a barrier layer printed on top of one or more of the insulator layer and the heater layer; a phase change material (PCM) printed on top of the barrier layer; a connectivity layer printed on top of the PCM; and a passivation layer printed on top of one or more of the PCM and the connectivity layer.

A thermosetting polymer formulation includes: 40 to 90 volume percent of a thermosetting polymer system; 10 to 40 volume percent, preferably 20 to 35 volume percent, preferably 20 to 30 volume percent, of a plurality of hexagonal boron nitride platelets having a mean particle diameter of 5 to 20 micrometers, preferably 8 to 15 micrometers, and a D10 particle diameter of 3 to 7 micrometers, preferably 3 to 5 micrometers, and a D90 particle diameter of 20 to 30 micrometers, preferably 25 to 30 micrometers; a total of 0.01 to 10 volume percent of a coupling agent, an impact modifier, a curing agent, a defoamer, a colorant, a thickening agent, a release agent, an accelerator, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing, wherein the volume percentages are based on the total volume of the formulation.

The present application discloses a touch panel including a base substrate, a first touch electrode layer on the base substrate, and a second touch electrode layer. The first touch electrode layer includes a plurality of first touch electrodes. Each of the plurality of first touch electrodes includes a plurality of first touch electrode patterns along a second direction, each of which extending substantially along a first direction. The second touch electrode layer includes a plurality of second touch electrodes along the second direction. Each of the plurality of second touch electrodes extends substantially along the first direction. The first touch electrode layer and the second touch electrode layer are insulated from each other.

A method of making a thermal control coating is provided. A primer layer can be applied to a substrate to form an exposed surface. The primer layer can include an epoxy binder and a silica filler. The exposed surface can be treated with an oxygen plasma to form a treated surface. A silicate-based thermal control coating can be applied to the treated surface, for example, by spraying, to form a thermal control coating on the substrate. Spacecraft and spacecraft hardware components coated with the thermal control coating, are also provided.

A capacitor with an anode and a dielectric over the anode. A first conductive polymer layer is over the dielectric wherein the first conductive polymer layer comprises a polyanion and a first binder. A second conductive polymer layer is over the first conductive polymer layer wherein the second conductive polymer layer comprises a polyanion and a second binder and wherein the first binder is more hydrophilic than the second binder.

Provided is a method of manufacturing an electrostrictive element by which an electrostrictive element including an expandable and contradictable film electrode having a thin and uniform thickness can be easily formed. In a method of manufacturing an electrostrictive element 1, screen printing is performed while a first jig 12 contacts with a face of a dielectric film 2 opposite to a face where screen printing is performed such that the first jig 12 surrounds an area where the screen printing is performed. Thus, a film electrode 3 is formed.