A protective coating system includes a substrate that has an exterior surface exhibiting a degree of valley/hill surface irregularity including a plurality of hills and a plurality of valleys and a first coating layer formed directly on to the exterior surface of the substrate and that conforms to the exterior surface of the substrate such that the first coating layer has a non-uniform coating thickness over the substrate. The protective coating system further includes a second coating layer formed directly on to the exterior surface of the first coating layer. The second coating layer includes a plurality of pores within the second coating layer. Still further, the protective coating system includes a third coating layer formed within at least some of the plurality of pores within the second coating layer.

A method of preparing a graphene circuit pattern, a substrate and an electronic product are disclosed. The method of preparing a graphene circuit pattern includes: immersing a metal circuit pattern in a graphene oxide solution to cause a redox reaction between the metal circuit pattern and graphene oxide, thereby forming the graphene circuit pattern. The graphene circuit pattern may be directly formed at a location of the metal circuit pattern, and is simple in production process, low in cost, and suitable for mass production.

A coating material for a lightning-prone object includes a base color substance and an additive admixed with the base color substance. The additive comprises rigid hollow beads filled with an inert gas. At least a portion of the hollow beads have an electrically conductive coating.

Disclosed are an interstitially mixed self-assembled monolayer (ImSAM) that can be manufactured very easily by utilizing a novel method of manufacturing supramolecular alloys called “repeated surface exchange of molecules (ReSEM)”, maintain chemical functional groups exposed to the surface of conventional thin films and selectively improve stability without interfering with performance, and a method of manufacturing the same. The interstitially mixed self-assembled monolayers (imSAMs) remarkably enhance electrical stability of molecular-scale electronic devices without deterioration in functions and reliability, withstand a high voltage, and exhibit better stability than a single SAM while maintaining the performance of the prior art, thus being useful for a variety of technical fields using SAMs, especially electronics, organic light-emitting displays (OLEDs), solar cells, sensors, heterogeneous catalysts, frictional electricity, cell growth surfaces, and heat transfer control films.

A conductive material including a plurality of particles, the plurality of particles including at least a first particle having: a layered material including one or plural layers, wherein the one or plural layers include a layer body represented by M.sub.mX.sub.n (where M is at least one metal of Group 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, X is a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or a combination thereof, n is not less than 1 and not more than 4, and m is more than n but not more than 5), and a modifier or terminal T (where T is at least one selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, an oxygen atom, and a hydrogen atom) existing on a surface of the layer body; and a metal material at least partially covering the layered material.

A manufacturing method of an anisotropic conductive film and an apparatus thereof are provided. The manufacturing method of an anisotropic conductive film includes steps of: (a) providing a first substrate having metal contacts; (b) disposing a resin layer on the first substrate and covering the metal contacts; (c) providing a press head having a suction pattern arranged corresponding to the metal contacts; (d) sucking the conductive particles by the press head; and (e) pressing the conductive particles into the resin layer by the press head. The conductive particles are disposed corresponding to the metal contacts of the substrate, so that the problem about the short circuit between contacts can be improved, and the product yield and reliability can also be improved.

A manufacturing method of an anisotropic conductive film and an apparatus thereof are provided. The manufacturing method of an anisotropic conductive film includes steps of: (a) providing a first substrate having metal contacts; (b) disposing a resin layer on the first substrate and covering the metal contacts; (c) providing a press head having a suction pattern arranged corresponding to the metal contacts; (d) sucking the conductive particles by the press head; and (e) pressing the conductive particles into the resin layer by the press head. The conductive particles are disposed corresponding to the metal contacts of the substrate, so that the problem about the short circuit between contacts can be improved, and the product yield and reliability can also be improved.

The present disclosure provides a hydrophobic low-dielectric-constant film and a preparation method therefor. The low-dielectric-constant film is formed from one or more fluorine-containing compounds A by means of a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition method, and the one or more fluorine-containing compounds comprise a compound having the general formula C.sub.xSi.sub.yO.sub.mH.sub.nF.sub.2x+2y−n+2 or C.sub.xSi.sub.yO.sub.mH.sub.nF.sub.2x+2y−n, x being an integer from 1 to 20, y being an integer from 0 to 8, m being an integer from 0 to 6, and n being 0, 3, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17 and 19. Thus, a nano-film having a low dielectric constant and good hydrophobicity is formed on the surface of a substrate.

The present invention relates to a material having various functions such as antimicrobial function or waterproof function, as well as a method and an apparatus for manufacturing the same. The method for manufacturing a functional material according to the present invention includes coating a surface of conductive or non-conductive material with an electrically charged microfine material having a size of nano- or micro-units, thereby imparting functionality to the material simultaneously with maintaining intrinsic properties thereof.

In addition, the method for manufacturing a functional material, according to the present invention, had advantages in which: repeating a process of coating the surface of the conductive or non-conductive material with a functional substance can impart a plurality of desired functions to the material, in addition, a thickness of the functional material may be easily adjusted, and a large area/large quantity may be produced by a simplified process using a general material in a short period.

A die for coating an insulating liquid may include a die body configured to be positioned on a current collector with a certain space and discharge an insulating liquid; and a discharge portion configured to be formed on one surface where the insulating liquid of the die body is discharged, and form a discharge path and a discharge port where the insulating liquid is discharged, wherein the discharge portion includes a first discharge portion positioned at a front region side of a coating direction of the insulating liquid, and a second discharge portion positioned at a rear region side of the coating direction of the insulating liquid, an insulating liquid discharge path is formed between the first discharge portion and the second discharge portion, and an insulating liquid discharge port is formed between an end of the first discharge portion and an end of the second discharge portion.