A method comprising: creating first conductive traces over a substrate by selective creation of metallization over the substrate using selective direct structuring of a material configured for selective direct structuring; and creating second conductive areas over the substrate directly in contact with at least parts of the first conductive traces.

A coating is applied in one or more layers on a granular material, such as a granular fertilizer material or the like. The coating may include a diisocyanate in either pure form or partially polymerized form, a polyol or polyol mix, and optionally a wax. The polyol or polyol mix may be, for example, a polyester polyol, a polyether polyol, or combinations thereof. In some examples, the polyol or polyol mix may be an aliphatic glycerine initiated polyether polyol, an aliphatic amine initiated trifunctional polyol, castor oil or castor oil derivative, or ethylene diamine that has been propoxylated or ethoxylated, and combinations thereof. The coating is reacted on the granular material.

The present invention relates to a rotor blade which has a coating, to a corresponding method for producing the coating, and to a method for heating and/or deicing the outer surface of the rotor blade and/or an outermost layer applied onto the outer surface of the rotor blade. The task underlying the invention is to develop a functional multi-layered coating that constitutes a comprehensive protection against the various environmental influences. The task is accomplished by a rotor blade which has an outer surface and by an at least two-layered coating applied onto the outer surface, having a first adhesion-facilitating metal layer and/or a first adhesion-facilitating layer which has electric heating elements and a second metal layer, wherein the first adhesion-facilitating metal layer and/or the first adhesion-facilitating layer which has electric heating elements is arranged between the outer surface of the rotor blade and the second metal layer.

A hybrid protective coating includes an inorganic component and an organic component such that the inorganic component includes at least one of a metal oxide, a metal fluoride, or combination thereof, and the organic component includes at least one metalcone.

Composite film structures for packaging use. The composite film structures have easy open, clean peel and hermetic seal characteristics stemming from good caulkability characteristics when a region of the composite film structures are folded over and sealed to form a seal on a bag, pouch or package. The composite film structure includes a base film which includes a biaxially-oriented film and a vacuum-deposited metal layer and a heat-sealant structure comprising a low density polyethylene and a linear low density polyethylene. The metal layer is between the biaxially-oriented film and the heat-sealant structure. The heat-sealant structure thickness is from about 50 to about 100 gauge, the adhesion strength between the biaxially-oriented film and the metal layer is less than about 800 g/in, and the seal strength when a region of the composite film structure is folded onto a composite film structure region is from about 500 to about 1500 g/in.

A thermally expandable sheet includes: a first thermally expansive layer that is formed on one side of a base and contains a first thermally expandable material and a first binder, the first thermally expansive layer having a first ratio of the first thermally expandable material with respect to the first binder; and a second thermally expansive layer that is formed on the first thermally expansive layer and contains a second thermally expandable material and a second binder, the second thermally expansive layer having a second ratio of the second thermally expandable material with respect to the second binder, wherein the second ratio is lower than the first ratio.

Components with improved erosion resistance are disclosed. A surface of the component or a substrate of the component is modified by coating the substrate with an elastomer layer. The elastomer layer is then modified by embedding hard particles onto an outer side of the elastomer layer. The hard particles exhibit higher fractured toughness providing enhanced erosion protection. The elastic properties of the elastomer experience little reduction because the surface embedded particles are located only at the outer side or outer surface of the elastomer layer. Therefore, the bond between the inner side of the elastomer layer and the substrate or component surface is not interfered with and the potential for electro-chemical corrosion and poor adhesion are not increased by the presence of the hard particles as the hard particles are located away from the inner face between the elastomer layer and the substrate.

A printed flexible PH sensor is provided. The printed flexible PH sensor includes a flexible substrate. A working electrode is disposed on the flexible substrate, and the working electrode includes a first silver layer formed on the flexible substrate by an ink-jet printing process, a second silver layer formed on the first silver layer by a silver mirror reaction, and a metal oxide layer disposed on the second silver layer of an end portion of the working electrode. A reference electrode is disposed on the flexible substrate, and the reference electrode includes the first silver layer and the second silver layer formed on the first silver layer, and a silver chloride layer totally covering the second silver layer. A method for fabricating the printed flexible PH sensor is also provided.

Methods, systems and apparatuses are disclosed for making composite prepreg stacks comprising an outer layer of thermoplastic film that is co-cured with the thermoplastic layer comprising a compressive force on the composite material, along with coated composite materials and larger structures comprising the coated composite materials made according to the disclosed methods.

A method is disclosed for dispensing a polyurethane mixture onto a substrate by generating a liquid mixture from reactive component resins; introducing the mixture in an inlet section of a dispensing device so as to advance it towards a planar-shaped outlet slit section, transversely to the advancement direction of the substrate; distributing the mixture along a gap chamber having a cross section diverging towards the outlet slit section; and dispensing the mixture through the outlet slit section, so as to deposit a thin, uniform film onto the substrate. Fractions of the mixture travel equal distances from the inlet section to the outlet slit section, in equal times, maintaining equal average speeds along each section having zones placed all at the same path distance either from the inlet section or from the outlet slit section.