A method for printing on a low surface energy substrate. The low surface energy substrates may be flexible low surface energy substrates. A primer is applied to the surface of the low surface energy substrate using a spray coating system. A pressure pot spray system that oscillates as the substrate passes underneath it on a conveyor system may be used. The primer is then allowed to air dry. Once dry, a printer can be used to print a graphic, design or other ornamental feature on the primed surface of the substrate. Once printing is complete, a clear coating is applied to the substrate and then cured.

Coating a metallic surface with at least one of a pretreatment composition prior to organic coating, with a passivation composition without intent for subsequent organic coating, with a pretreatment primer composition, with a primer composition, with a paint composition and with an electrocoating composition, wherein the coating composition includes particles on a base of at least one layered double hydroxide (LDH) phase characterized by the general formula [M.sup.2+.sub.(10.5)x(M.sup.3+, M.sup.4+).sub.x(OH).sub.20.75]A.sup.n.sub.x/n.mH.sub.2O.

A method for forming a coating on a substrate is provided, the method comprises: using a molecular layer deposition (MLD) process depositing at least one layer directly or indirectly on a surface, and an atomic layer deposition (ALD) process, depositing an inorganic film on/over the at least one layer. In the formed coating conditions are established which allow unbound, unreacted and/or partially reacted precursors to enter chemical interaction with harmful environmental species penetrated into the coating at defective sites thereof and seal said defective sites through formation of a sealing compound. A laminate coating, uses thereof and coated items are further provided.

A method for manufacturing an aluminum alloy sheet may include melting aluminum alloy composition containing silicon (Si), iron (Fe), copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn) in weight % on the basis of remainder of aluminum (Al) to make cast alloy having a constant initial thickness; rolling the cast alloy to allow the initial thickness to be reduced, whereby the cast alloy is elongated to aluminum alloy sheet; and performing heat treatment on the aluminum alloy sheet.

A process of fabricating the waterproof coating may include selecting a substrate, utilizing a sol-gel comprising a silane or silane derivative and metal oxide precursor to coat the substrate, and optionally coating the substrate with a hydrophobic chemical agent and/or other chemical agents to create a surface with nanoscopic or microscopic features. The process may utilize an all solution process or controlled environment for fabricating self-cleaning and waterproof coating that prevent wetting or staining of a substrate, or may utilize a controlled environment.

A display device includes a display panel that displays images, a window layer disposed on the display panel, and a protective film disposed on the window layer, and including a base layer facing the window layer, a hard coating layer disposed on the base layer, and a refractive layer disposed on the hard coating layer and including an organic compound including difluorocarbene (CF.sub.2) and trifluoromethyl group (CF.sub.3).

The invention provides a waterborne fouling release coating composition comprising (a) an aqueous polysiloxane-based binder emulsion, wherein said emulsion comprises polysiloxane-based binder droplets having an average droplet size of 4 to 1000 n; and (b) at least one pigment or filler; wherein the coating composition comprises at least 10 wt % water relative to the total weight of L the composition as a whole.

Coating compositions for coating an oilfield operational component, and related methods, may include in some aspects a coating composition having a trifunctional silane, a silanol, and a filler. The coating composition may be applied to a surface of the oilfield operational component that is configured to be exposed to a fluid. The coating composition may be applied to at least partially cover or coat the surface. The coating composition may be configured to chemically bond with a cured primer composition that includes an epoxy.

A method is provided for fabricating a structure including a two-dimensional material. The method includes a step of providing an electrically-conducting substrate and a step of forming a solid organic spacer layer on the electrically-conducting substrate. The method further includes depositing the two-dimensional material on the spacer layer. A structure formed according to the method includes an electrically-conducting substrate and a layer of a two-dimensional material. A solid organic spacer layer is arranged between the electrically-conducting substrate and the layer of the two-dimensional material.

In examples, a method for forming a high temperature coating includes applying a barrier coat formulation on a substrate. The barrier coat formulation includes mono-aluminum phosphate; boron carbide; and chromium or a chromium compound. The method further includes heat treating the barrier coat formulation to form an oxidation-resistant coating layer, wherein a melting point of the oxidation-resistant coating layer is greater than about 800 degrees Celsius ( C.).