Coating compositions for coating fluid handling components, and related methods, may include in some aspects a coating composition having a trifunctional silane, a silanol, and a filler. The coating composition may be applied to a surface of a fluid handling component that is configured to be exposed to a fluid. The coating composition may be applied to at least partially cover or coat the surface. The coating composition may be configured to chemically bond with a cured primer composition that includes an epoxy.

Coating compositions for coating an oilfield operational component, and related methods, may include in some aspects a coating composition having a trifunctional silane, a silanol, and a filler. The coating composition may be applied to a surface of the oilfield operational component that is configured to be exposed to a fluid. The coating composition may be applied to at least partially cover or coat the surface. The coating composition may be configured to chemically bond with a cured primer composition that includes an epoxy.

Coating compositions for coating an oilfield operational component, and related methods, may include in some aspects a coating composition having a trifunctional silane, a silanol, and a filler. The coating composition may be applied to a surface of the oilfield operational component that is configured to be exposed to a fluid. The coating composition may be applied to at least partially cover or coat the surface. The coating composition may be configured to chemically bond with a cured primer composition that includes an epoxy.

Coating compositions for coating an oilfield operational component, and related methods, may include in some aspects a coating composition having a trifunctional silane, a silanol, and a filler. The coating composition may be applied to a surface of the oilfield operational component that is configured to be exposed to a fluid. The coating composition may be applied to at least partially cover or coat the surface. The coating composition may be configured to chemically bond with a cured primer composition that includes an epoxy.

There is provided a multilayer structure comprising a layer (A) containing an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer having an ethylene unit content of 1 mol % or more and less than 20 mol %, a viscosity-average polymerization degree of 200 to 5000, and a saponification degree of 80 to 99.7 mol %, wherein a block character of ethylene units is 0.90 to 0.99; and a layer (B) containing at least one resin selected from the group consisting of a polyolefin resin, a polyester resin and a polyamide resin. Such a multilayer structure has excellent oxygen-gas barrier performance. In addition, an aqueous solution containing the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer exhibits excellent viscosity stability even after long-term storage. Therefore, even after a long period of time from preparation of the aqueous solution, it can be uniformly applied to a substrate and thus, a multilayer structure having excellent oxygen-gas barrier performance can be provided.

Provided are a flexible tube for an endoscope, the flexible tube having a flexible tube base made of metal, a resin cover layer that covers an outer periphery of the flexible tube base, and a primer layer that includes at least one compound represented by general formula (1) or (2) and that is disposed between the flexible tube base and the resin cover layer, in which the resin cover layer includes at least one selected from the group consisting of polyamides, polyesters, polyurethanes, and polyolefins on a side of the resin cover layer in contact with the primer layer, an endoscopic medical device including the flexible tube for an endoscope; a method for producing the flexible tube for an endoscope; and a method for producing the endoscopic medical device.

R.sup.1.sub.m-M-(OR.sup.2).sub.n-m  General formula (1):

O-[M-(OR.sup.2).sub.n-1].sub.2  General formula (2): M represents, for example, Al, Ti, or Zr. R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represent a hydrogen atom or a specific group. m is an integer of 0 to 3, n is a valence of M, and n>m is satisfied.

In a three-dimensional printing method example, a pre-treatment coating is formed on a part precursor by applying and drying, alternatingly: a polycation solution including a chloride ion and a polyanion solution including a sodium ion to form at least two layers. An ink is selectively deposited on the pre-treatment coating.

An article comprises a substrate; a polymer coating; and an intermediate layer disposed between the substrate and the polymer coating, the intermediate layer comprising a carbon composite, wherein the carbon composite comprises carbon and a binder containing one or more of the following: SiO.sub.2; Si; B; B.sub.2O.sub.3; a metal; or an alloy of the metal; and wherein the metal comprises one or more of the following: aluminum; copper; titanium; nickel; tungsten; chromium; iron; manganese; zirconium; hafnium; vanadium; niobium; molybdenum; tin; bismuth; antimony; lead; cadmium; or selenium.

A method for applying a polymer coating to a substrate wherein the resultant layer of polymer on the substrate has a substantial thickness. A mixture of polymer material, including reactor bead polymer and ground polymer, may be used in a powder coating process to achieve thicker polymer layers.

An object is to provide a surface treatment liquid which can firmly bond, while coating the surface of a treatment target with an extremely thin film, a coating whose hydrophilicity is unlikely to be lowered even when the coating is brought into contact with fats and the like to the surface of the treatment target and a surface treatment method using the surface treatment liquid described above. In a surface treatment liquid containing a resin (A) and a solvent (S), as the resin (A), a resin is used which includes a constituent unit (a1) that includes an organic group including a quaternary ammonium cation group and having a sulfonic acid anion group at a terminal and that is derived from an N-substituted (meth) acrylamide, and includes a reactive silyl group in at least one of molecular chain terminals, the concentration of the resin (A) in the surface treatment liquid is less than 2 mass % and the pH of the surface treatment liquid is 4 or less.