The present invention provides a multilayer coating film-forming method that is capable of forming a multilayer coating film with excellent finished appearance and excellent luster. The aqueous base paint (X) is applied by using a rotary-atomization bell-shaped coater under coating conditions of a shaping air pressure of 0.15 to 0.25 MPa and a paint discharge amount of 100 to 300 cm3/min. The viscosity 60 seconds after the application of the aqueous base paint (X), measured at a temperature of 23° C. and a shear rate of 0.1 sec-1, is 90 to 160 Pa.Math.s, the solids content 60 seconds after the application is 20 to 40 mass %, and the film thickness 60 seconds after the application is 17 to 35 μm. The effect pigment dispersion (Y) contains a flake-aluminum pigment (A) with an average thickness of 1 nm or more and less than 70 nm, a flake-aluminum pigment (B) with an average thickness of 70 nm to 250 nm, a hydroxy-containing acrylic resin (C), a rheology control agent (D), a surface-adjusting agent (E), and water, the effect pigment dispersion (Y) having a solids content of 2 to 9 mass %. The effect coating film after curing has a film thickness of 0.5 to 2.0 μm.

A hybrid halide perovskite film and methods of forming a hybrid halide perovskite film on a substrate are described. The film is formed on the substrate by depositing an organic solution on a substrate, heating the substrate and the organic solution to form an organic layer on the substrate, depositing an inorganic layer on the organic layer, and heating the substrate having the inorganic layer thereon to form a hybrid halide perovskite film. In some embodiments, the hybrid halide perovskite film comprises a CH[NH.sub.2].sub.2.sup.+MX.sub.3 compound, where M is selected from the group consisting of Sn, Pb, Bi, Mg and Mn, and where X is selected from the group consisting of I, Br and Cl. In other embodiments, the hybrid halide perovskite film comprises a FAMX.sub.3 compound. Methods of forming a piezoelectric device are also disclosed.

Methods for hydrophobizing bowstrings are described herein. In one aspect, the method can include applying a silicone-based hydrophobic coating to the bowstring; and curing the bowstring for a predefined period of time.

An optical device includes a substrate, a first surface-relief grating including grooves and ridges formed on or in the substrate, a first overcoat layer in the grooves of the first surface-relief grating, and a first antireflective layer on the first overcoat layer. The ridges of the first surface-relief grating include high-refractive index, photoactive metal oxide nanoparticles and a material of the first overcoat layer in regions between the metal oxide nanoparticles, or the first overcoat layer includes the metal oxide nanoparticles and a material of the first antireflective layer in regions between the metal oxide nanoparticles. Methods of fabricating the optical device are also described.

The present disclosure discloses a device and a method for preparing a high-density aligned carbon nanotube film. The device includes a container main body, a buffer partition plate and a solvent lead-out part. The buffer partition plate is located at a lower part of the container main body. The solvent lead-out part communicates with an interior of the container main body through a through hole in a side wall of the container main body and extends to an outside of the container main body. The method includes injecting a carbon nanotube solution into a container; immersing a substrate in the carbon nanotube solution; injecting a sealing liquid that is immiscible with the carbon nanotube solution along the substrate or the side wall of the container main body; and leading the solvent out or pulling the substrate such that the liquid surface of the substrate undergoes relative motion.

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of thin silver nano-particles containing layers, which are produced directly on a substrate as part of a coating or printing process. The layers can show different colours in transmittance and reflectance. The invention further relates to decorative and security elements. When the layers are applied over a security element, such as a hologram, the obtained products may show different colours in reflection and transmission, an extremely bright optically variable image (OVD image). Depending on the thickness of the layer a more or less intensive metallic aspect appears.

A thin-film coating applicator assembly is disclosed for coating substrates in outdoor applications. The innovative thin-film coating applicator assembly is adapted to apply performance enhancement coatings on installed photovoltaic panels and glass windows in outdoor environments. The coating applicator is adapted to move along a solar panel or glass pane while applicator mechanisms deposit a uniform layer of liquid coating solution to the substrate's surface. The applicator assembly comprises a conveyance means disposed on a frame. Further disclosed are innovative applicator heads that comprise a deformable sponge-like core surrounded by a microporous layer. The structure, when in contact with a substrate surface, deposits a uniform layer of coating solution over a large surface.

Coating compositions for coating an oilfield operational component, and related methods, may include in some aspects a coating composition having a trifunctional silane, a silanol, and a filler. The coating composition may be applied to a surface of the oilfield operational component that is configured to be exposed to a fluid. The coating composition may be applied to at least partially cover or coat the surface. The coating composition may be configured to chemically bond with a cured primer composition that includes an epoxy.

A composition that is easily applied, clear, well-bonded, and superhydrophobic is disclosed. In one aspect, the composition includes a hydrophobic fluorinated solvent, a binder comprising a hydrophobic fluorinated polymer, and hydrophobic fumed silica nanoparticles. Also disclosed is a structure including a substrate coated with the composition, as well as a method for making the composition and a method of coating a substrate with the composition.

The disclosure describes techniques for infiltrating a CMC substrate with a first slurry to at least partially fill at least some inner spaces of the CMC substrate, where the first slurry comprises first solid particles, drying the first slurry to form an infiltrated CMC including the first solid particles, depositing a second slurry including a carrier material and second solid particles on a surface of the infiltrated CMC, where the second solid particles comprise a plurality of fine ceramic particles, a plurality of coarse ceramic particles, and a plurality of diamond particles, drying the second slurry to form an article having an outer surface layer comprising the second solid particles on the infiltrated CMC, and infiltrating the article with a molten infiltrant to form a composite article.