A method for forming a multilayer coating film, comprising the steps of applying a color paint (W) to a substrate to form a colored coating film; applying an effect pigment dispersion (X) to the colored coating film, wherein the effect pigment dispersion (X) contains an effect pigment (x2), and the content of the effect pigment (x2) in the effect pigment dispersion (X) is within a range of 15 to 80 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the total solids content in the effect pigment dispersion (X), to form an effect first base coating film; applying a transparent colored second base paint (Y) containing a color pigment (y2) to form a transparent colored second base coating film; and applying a clear paint (Z) to form a clear coating film, wherein the clear paint (Z) contains a hydroxy-containing acrylic resin (z1) and an aliphatic triisocyanate compound (z2-1) having a molecular weight within a range of 200 to 350.

Beverage containers and methods of coating are provided. The beverage containers include a metal substrate that is at least partially coated with a coating prepared from a composition that includes a binder system, a cross linker, and a catalyst.

A non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to one embodiment of this invention includes a base metal steel sheet and a composite coating film composed of a Zn-containing phosphate and an organic resin, the composite coating film being formed on a surface of the base metal steel sheet. A molar ratio of Zn to all metal components in the composite coating film is 10 mol % or more, and after the non-oriented electrical steel sheet is boiled for 20 minutes in boiled distilled water, an amount of soluble Zn in the distilled water is 1.0 mg/m.sup.2 or more. The method for determining the amount of soluble Zn is in accordance with JIS K 0102: 2016 “Testing Methods for Industrial Wastewater”, 53.3 “ICP Emission Spectroscopy”.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for forming a multilayer coating film with excellent performance such as acid resistance, by using a coating composition which is completely different from conventional clear coating compositions and cheaper than conventional non-melamine curing type, acid/epoxy type, and isocyanate type clear coating compositions. A method for forming a multilayer coating film comprising a step (1) of applying a base coating composition and a step (2) of applying a clear coating composition on a coating film formed in the step (1), wherein the clear coating composition causes a curing reaction through a transesterification reaction between a hydroxyl group and an alkyl ester group.

Provided are a slurry of graphene oxides with different degrees of oxidation, a composite film of graphene oxides, and a graphene heat-conducting film. The slurry of the graphene oxides comprises the graphene oxides and a solvent, and the graphene oxides include a strong graphene oxide and a weak graphene oxide, wherein the slurry comprises two graphene oxides with different degrees of oxidation, which can increase a carbon content in the graphene oxide per unit mass, so that the finally obtained graphene heat-conducting film has more carbon.

The invention is generally related to a method for producing, in a consistent manner, contact lenses each having an intact durable coating thereon, wherein the coating is a hydrogel coating formed by covalently attached a hydrophilic polymeric material having azetidinium groups onto a base coating of a polyanionic polymer on a contact lens at a relatively low temperature (e.g., from about 40° C. to about 60° C.). The coating temperature for forming a durable hydrogel coating on top of the base coating of a contact lens can be significantly lowered by raising, in situ, the pH (to about 9.5 or higher) of a reactive coating solution which contains the hydrophilic polymeric material having azetidinium groups.

Multi-layer coatings comprising polymerization reaction products of 1,1-di-activated vinyl compounds are described. Also provided are processes for coating substrates with curable compositions comprising 1,1-di-activated vinyl compounds. Also provided are articles coated with this composition.

The purpose of the present invention is the use of (Bi.sub.1-xA.sub.x)(V.sub.1-yM.sub.y)0.sub.4 in a non-stick coating for a household article so as to reduce or prevent the color change of said coating during the manufacturing process thereof, characterised in that: —x is equal to 0 or x is from 0.001 to 0.999; —y is equal to 0 or y is from 0.001 to 0.999; —A and Mare selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a transition metal, a poor metal, a metalloid or a lanthanide; —A and M are different from each other.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an aqueous coating composition having an excellent finished appearance, such as smoothness and distinctness of image, as well as metallic feel and no metallic mottling when the composition comprises an effect pigment; excellent coating film performance, such as water resistance; and excellent storage stability. The present invention provides an aqueous coating composition comprising (A) acrylic resin particles, (B) a water-soluble acrylic resin, and (C) a phosphoric acid compound represented by a specific formula and having hydrocarbon (and optionally polyoxyalkylene); and also provides a method for forming a coating film, comprising applying the aqueous coating composition, as well as an article coated with the aqueous coating composition.

The present disclosure provides a stable aqueous composition comprising an aqueous component, a hydrophobic complex comprised of a multivalent metal salt complexed with nanocellulose fibers and lignin, with the composition exhibiting a viscosity sufficient to prevent coalescing and settling of the hydrophobic complex in the aqueous component. The composition may be used to coat surfaces of articles to produce a hydrophobic surface. Once applied to the surface, the aqueous coating is spread to form a wet film covering the surface and is then dewatered and dried to produce a dried hydrophobic coating.