Components with improved erosion resistance are disclosed. A surface of the component or a substrate of the component is modified by coating the substrate with an elastomer layer. The elastomer layer is then modified by embedding hard particles onto an outer side of the elastomer layer. The hard particles exhibit higher fractured toughness providing enhanced erosion protection. The elastic properties of the elastomer experience little reduction because the surface embedded particles are located only at the outer side or outer surface of the elastomer layer. Therefore, the bond between the inner side of the elastomer layer and the substrate or component surface is not interfered with and the potential for electro-chemical corrosion and poor adhesion are not increased by the presence of the hard particles as the hard particles are located away from the inner face between the elastomer layer and the substrate.

A method of manufacturing an automobile emblem is disclosed, which is for manufacturing an emblem that is to be disposed on a front surface of an automobile and represents a particular shape. A method of manufacturing an automobile emblem according to an embodiment of the invention can provide an automobile emblem that has a metallic texture and a silver luster without hindering the reception of waves for an automobile front radar.

A method of manufacturing an automobile emblem is disclosed, which is for manufacturing an emblem that is to be disposed on a front surface of an automobile and represents a particular shape. A method of manufacturing an automobile emblem according to an embodiment of the invention can provide an automobile emblem that has a metallic texture and a silver luster without hindering the reception of waves for an automobile front radar.

This laminated body comprises an organic resin substrate, and single layer of an active energy ray-curable resin layer (i) and an inorganic deposition layer (ii) that are sequentially laminated on the organic resin substrate, wherein a power spectrum obtained by performing Fourier transformation on the wavenumber of a reflected wave spectrum obtained by reflectivity spectroscopy at the layer (i) and plotting the amplitude thereof with respect to the length dimension has, at L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 that are equal to or greater than a length dimension threshold L.sub.0, a first local maximum value S.sub.1 and a second local maximum value S.sub.2, respectively, and when L.sub.0 is defined as an arbitrary value within a range of 1-310.sup.6 m, in a defined range of the power spectrum excluding the range of L.sub.0 or less, the first local maximum value S.sub.1 has a signal-to-noise ratio SI/N of at least 5 with respect to noise N, and the second local maximum value S.sub.2 has a signal-to-noise ratio S.sub.2/N of at least 2 with respect to noise N. The laminated body exhibits, despite the fact that said laminated body has a single intermediate layer composed of an active energy ray-curable film between the organic resin substrate and the inorganic deposition layer, weather fastness and adhesiveness comparable to or better than those of a laminated body having a plurality of thermoset films as intermediate layers.

This laminated body comprises an organic resin substrate, and single layer of an active energy ray-curable resin layer (i) and an inorganic deposition layer (ii) that are sequentially laminated on the organic resin substrate, wherein a power spectrum obtained by performing Fourier transformation on the wavenumber of a reflected wave spectrum obtained by reflectivity spectroscopy at the layer (i) and plotting the amplitude thereof with respect to the length dimension has, at L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 that are equal to or greater than a length dimension threshold L.sub.0, a first local maximum value S.sub.1 and a second local maximum value S.sub.2, respectively, and when L.sub.0 is defined as an arbitrary value within a range of 1-310.sup.6 m, in a defined range of the power spectrum excluding the range of L.sub.0 or less, the first local maximum value S.sub.1 has a signal-to-noise ratio SI/N of at least 5 with respect to noise N, and the second local maximum value S.sub.2 has a signal-to-noise ratio S.sub.2/N of at least 2 with respect to noise N. The laminated body exhibits, despite the fact that said laminated body has a single intermediate layer composed of an active energy ray-curable film between the organic resin substrate and the inorganic deposition layer, weather fastness and adhesiveness comparable to or better than those of a laminated body having a plurality of thermoset films as intermediate layers.

A method for forming a metal substrate with 3D decorations according to a predetermined pattern, on at least one face of the metal substrate including: determining drop size of primer for defining thickness of a 3D decoration, applying the primer according to a predetermined pattern onto at least one face of a metal substrate, applying thereto an electrostatic thermal curing powder coating comprising color, removing excess of electrostatic thermal curing powder coating such that the thermal curing coating remains only at a location on the metal substrate determined by the primer, inserting the metal substrate into a convection oven, and forming a metal substrate with 3D decorations according to the predetermined pattern on the at least one face of the metal substrate, and a system for performing the same.

A method for forming a metal substrate with 3D decorations according to a predetermined pattern, on at least one face of the metal substrate including: determining drop size of primer for defining thickness of a 3D decoration, applying the primer according to a predetermined pattern onto at least one face of a metal substrate, applying thereto an electrostatic thermal curing powder coating comprising color, removing excess of electrostatic thermal curing powder coating such that the thermal curing coating remains only at a location on the metal substrate determined by the primer, inserting the metal substrate into a convection oven, and forming a metal substrate with 3D decorations according to the predetermined pattern on the at least one face of the metal substrate, and a system for performing the same.

A multi-layer coating system includes: (a) a first basecoat layer formed from a first coating composition including a free polyisocyanate and hydroxyl functional polymeric core-shell particles; (b) a second basecoat layer applied over at least a portion of the first basecoat layer, the second basecoat layer formed from a second coating composition including carboxylic acid functional polymeric core-shell particles; and (c) a topcoat layer applied over at least a portion of the second basecoat layer, the topcoat layer formed from a coating composition including least one free polyisocyanate having a weight average molecular weight of less than 600 g/mol and at least one film-forming resin in which an amount of free polyisocyanate having a weight average molecular weight of less than 600 g/mol is greater than 5 weight %, based on the total resin solids of the coating composition that forms the topcoat layer.

A coated substrate for an electronic device can include a substrate, a basecoat layer on the substrate, and an anti-fingerprint topcoat layer on the basecoat layer. The substrate can include a metal or metal alloy. The basecoat layer can include pigment particles and a first one-part thermally cured polymeric resin. The anti-fingerprint topcoat layer can include a second one-part thermally cured polymeric resin and an anti-fingerprint material. The anti-fingerprint material can include a fluoropolymer, a silane, or a combination thereof. The basecoat layer can be cured before applying the anti-fingerprint topcoat layer on the basecoat layer.

A coated substrate for an electronic device can include a substrate, a basecoat layer on the substrate, and an anti-fingerprint topcoat layer on the basecoat layer. The substrate can include a metal or metal alloy. The basecoat layer can include pigment particles and a first one-part thermally cured polymeric resin. The anti-fingerprint topcoat layer can include a second one-part thermally cured polymeric resin and an anti-fingerprint material. The anti-fingerprint material can include a fluoropolymer, a silane, or a combination thereof. The basecoat layer can be cured before applying the anti-fingerprint topcoat layer on the basecoat layer.