Treated articles and a process of producing the treated articles, systems having treated articles, and processes incorporating treated articles are disclosed. The treated articles include a metal or metallic substrate, and a surface treatment of the metal or metallic substrate, the surface treatment having fluorine, silicon, and carbon. The systems include a flow path, with the surface treatment being within the flow path. The processes include flowing a fluid through the flow path.

Treated, mesoporous aggregates comprising a plurality of coated particles that comprise an inorganic oxide core having a surface area of about 50 to about 500 square meters per gram and a shell or coating consisting of an array of fluoroalkyl molecular chains covalently bonded to the core at a density of at least one chain per square nanometer. The aggregates are formed by the chemical attachment of fluoroalkyl-alkylsilanes after exposure to an alkylamine and followed by an extraction to remove any unbound organic material. The dense packing of molecular chains in the fluoroalkyl shell combined with a mesoporous structure imparts a very low surface energy, a very high specific surface area, and surface texture over a wide range of length scales. Such features are highly desirable for the creation of, for example, superhydrophobic and superoleophobic surfaces, separation media, and release films.

The present invention addresses the problem of providing a transparent product which has an anti-glare surface having a surface shape which makes it possible to lower the haze value thereof and to obtain an excellent glare-suppressing effect. The transparent product has a transparent substrate 11 equipped with an anti-glare surface. The surface shape of the anti-glare surface is shaped in a manner such that the ratio (r.sub.0/r.sub.0.2) of the autocorrelation length (r.sub.0), which is the minimum value of the distance r at which the autocorrelation function g(r) represented by formula (1) is 0, to the autocorrelation length (r.sub.0.2), which is the minimum value of the distance r at which the autocorrelation function g(r) is 0.2, is 2 or higher. The autocorrelation function g(r) is obtained by converting the autocorrelation function g(t.sub.x, t.sub.y) obtained by normalizing the surface shape z(x, y) of the antiglare surface to polar coordinates (t.sub.x=r cos Φ, t.sub.y=r sin Φ), and averaging the angle direction. $\begin{array}{c}g\left(r\right)=\frac{1}{2\pi }{\int }_0^{2\pi }d\varnothing .Math.g(r\end{array}$

A method of forming a self-cleaning film system includes depositing a perfluorocarbon siloxane polymer onto a substrate to form a first layer. The method includes removing a plurality of portions of the first layer to define a plurality of cavities in the first layer and form a plurality of projections that protrude from the substrate. The method includes depositing a photocatalytic material onto the plurality of projections and into the plurality of cavities to form a second layer comprising: a bonded portion disposed in the plurality of cavities and in contact with the substrate, and a non-bonded portion disposed on the plurality of projections and spaced apart from the substrate. The method also includes, after depositing the photocatalytic material, removing the non-bonded portion to thereby form the self-cleaning film system.

A method and product for creating a customizable fabric for specific end-use composites is provided. This method includes creating a three-dimensional matrix on woven fabrics, such as glass or carbon fiber fabrics via the addition of nanoparticles and a coupling agent; and, attaching a functional group compatible to specific resins dependent upon end use. The resulting product is a resin-free fabric with specific functional groups attached, ready to receive a particular polymer resin. Alternatively, the process may continue through to the addition of a polymer resin, resulting in a completed composite product.

Herein are disclosed a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer on a substrate, the adhesive layer containing stripes of first and second pressure-sensitive adhesives. The surface of the adhesive layer that faces the substrate is surface-enriched with the first pressure-sensitive adhesive. Methods of making are disclosed.

An object of the invention is to provide a fishhook for fishing or the like, the fishhook being easily stuck to a fish or the like and being also excellent in durability. The surface of a fishhook is treated with a compound selected from the group consisting of a metallic surfactant having at least one or more hydroxyl groups or hydrolyzable groups, a fluorine-based surface treating agent, a thiol compound and a disulfide compound.

A method including providing a substrate having a surface, the surface is hydroxylated and exposing the hydroxylated surface of the substrate to a PDMS oligomer. The PDMS oligomer has a formula of: R.sub.1—Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2—(O—Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2—).sub.n—O—Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2—R.sub.2 where at least one of R.sub.1 or R.sub.2 includes: —(CH.sub.2).sub.m—R.sub.3, R.sub.3=one of —Cl, —O—(CH.sub.2).sub.xH, —SiCl.sub.3, or —Si(O—(CH.sub.2).sub.xH).sub.3, x=0 to 10, m=0 to 10, n=10 to 500. R.sub.3 undergoes hydrolysis such that one terminal Si atom of the PDMS oligomer is covalently bonded to the hydroxylated surface by a condensation reaction to form a grafted layer of PDMS polymers on the surface. An article including a substrate having a surface with a grafted layer of PDMS polymers thereon, each of the PDMS polymers have a formula of: -Q.sub.1-Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2—(O—Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2—).sub.n—O—Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2-Q2 where Q.sub.1=—O— or —O—(CH.sub.2).sub.m—O—, Q.sub.2=-(-Q.sub.1-Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2—(O—Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2—).sub.n—O—Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2—).sub.p-Q.sub.3, Q.sub.3=—OH, —(CH.sub.2).sub.m—OH, —Si(OH).sub.3, or —(CH.sub.2).sub.m—Si(OH).sub.3, m=0 to 10, n=10 to 500, p=0 to 500, Q.sub.1=end of the PDMS polymer covalently bonded to the surface.

A method for selectively modifying a base material surface, includes applying a composition on a surface of a base material to form a coating film. The coating film is heated. The base material includes a surface layer which includes a first region including silicon. The composition includes a first polymer and a solvent. The first polymer includes at an end of a main chain or a side chain thereof, a group including a first functional group capable of forming a bond with the silicon. The first region preferably contains a silicon oxide, a silicon nitride, or a silicon oxynitride. The base material preferably further includes a second region that is other than the first region and that contains a metal; and the method preferably further includes, after the heating, removing with a rinse agent a portion formed on the second region, of the coating film.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing a porous polymer film having a controlled pore depth, and a porous polymer film prepared thereby. A method for preparing a porous polymer film according to the present invention allows the pore depth of a porous film to be controlled simply and at a low cost, and thus allows adjustment of the light reflectance of the prepared film. A large-area film can be prepared by means of a simple method and thus can be applied to various industry fields. Films having different reflectance can be prepared and thus can be applied as low-reflection and high-reflection films for solar cells, and also as a low-reflection or high-reflection thin polymer film in the construction field or material and equipment field.