A platinum catalyst recycling device with multiple filtration structures is provided. The device includes a support base, a recycling housing, and a crushing housing. A top of the support base is fixedly connected to the recycling housing, a top surface of the recycling housing is fixedly connected to the crushing housing, and a feed port is provided on a top surface of the crushing housing. A feed tube is installed at the feed port of the crushing housing, and a crushing roller assembly is installed in an inner cavity of the crushing housing. The crushing roller assembly is disposed in an inner cavity of a crushing chamber, and the crushing chamber is fixedly connected to a sidewall of the inner cavity of the crushing housing. A bottom of the crushing chamber is fixedly connected to a guide plate. Uniform plates are disposed below the guide plate.