A method for industrial refining of coal ash created in power plants and carbonaceous ashes produced in other combustion processes by separating coal from said ashes and returning it to use and by recovering a substantially coal-free ash fraction obtained in the refining. In the method, coal ash and at least one ash fraction created by gasification technique in combustion plants are carefully proportioned in relation to one another and formed into a slurry mixture by means of an efficient dispersion technique, the slurry being then led to a flotation step, where a fraction rich in coal and a siliceous fraction poor in coal and a fraction dissolving in the process water are separated by flotation. The coal ash is arranged to have the highest proportion in the mixture to be taken to flotation, the ashes from combustion plants being dosed into said mixture in an amount that does not cause the maximum amounts of harmful substances to be exceeded in the qualities of the carbonaceous product and the silicate product poor in coal to be obtained.

A combustion ash handling method of handling combustion ash discharged from a combustion furnace that combusts a petroleum-based fuel includes: separating the combustion ash into a heavy component and a light component by a dry-type separation technique; feeding the light component to the combustion furnace as a fuel; and recovering the heavy component. A metal such as vanadium is separated and extracted from the heavy component of the combustion ash.

A method and system for coal ash reclamation from a land fill, the system comprising: a harvester; a screen for screening non-ash material from ash collected by the harvester; a dryer for drying raw ash thereby creating dried coal ash and fine particulate ash; an exhaust pipe to direct the ash to a dust collector; a crusher for crushing the dried ash; a classifier for classifying the crushed dried ash; and a storage container for storage. The method comprising: harvesting raw coal ash from a land fill; screening the raw coal ash to remove oversize materials; drying the screened ash to remove water; crushing the stream of dried ash; classifying the crushed ash into fine particulate ash and large particulate ash, the second stream being directed for further crushing; streams of fine particulate ash being cooled; and storing the fine particulate ash.

A process for reforming the fly ash by heating a raw fly ash powder that contains the unburned carbon and thereby decreasing the content of the unburned carbon, characterized in that (a) as means for heating the raw fly ash powder, use is made of a heating unit that heats the raw fly ash powder by passing it through a heated medium-fluidized bed, (b) a high-temperature gas stream is passed through the heating unit to form the heated medium-fluidized bed and to fluidize and convey the raw fly ash powder that is thrown into the medium-fluidized bed, (c) the flow rate of the high-temperature gas stream is so set that the raw fly ash powder thrown into the heating unit is all heated in the medium-fluidized bed and is taken out from a take-out port provided at an upper part of the heating unit but that the particulate medium forming the medium-fluidized bed is not discharged from the take-out port, (d) the fly ash powder after heated and discharged from the take-out port of the heating unit is introduced into an air classifier where it is separated into a fine powder and a coarse powder, (e) the fine powder separated by the air classifier is recovered as the reformed fly ash, and (f) the coarse powder separated by the air classifier is measured for its content of the unburned carbon and when the measured value is larger than a predetermined threshold value, the coarse powder is introduced again into the heating unit so as to be heated again and when the measured value is smaller than the threshold value, the powder is recovered as the reformed fly ash.

The present invention relates to a porcelain stoneware element for the construction of driveways.

A portable system and method for processing waste to be solidified and placed in an active cell of a landfill. A portable pugmill is moveable adjacent an active cell of a landfill; and portable devices, which may be mounted on sleds or trailers, may be used for feeding the pugmill with waste to be solidified into a landfill-ready state. The waste may be fed to the pugmill without the need for long-term waste storage devices, and avoiding substantial delays between discharge of the waste from trucks to the pugmill-feeding steps.

The present invention relates to method for recycling alkaline waste water from a stainless steel slag treatment process wherein stainless steel slag is brought into contact with water thereby producing said waste water, which waste water contains heavy metals, including at least chromium, and has a pH of at least 12. The waste water is recycled by using it for treating an alkaline granular carbonatable material, which contains aluminum metal, in order to oxidize the aluminum metal contained therein. This material is in particular municipal waste incinerator bottom ash which can, after the treatment of the present invention, safely be used as fine or coarse aggregate in bonded applications such as concrete, mortar and asphalt. During the treatment with the alkaline waste water, hydrogen gas is produced which is captured and used to produce energy by means of a cogeneration device.

An agglomerate is provided that can include an aluminosilicate (ash) base material and one or more of a binding agent or leach reduction agent. Each of the agglomerate and binding agent can include no more than about 25 wt. % cement.

Systems and methods of the present invention include a method for the treatment of drilling wastes and coal combustion residues, comprising combining at least a first drilling waste with coal combustion residues to form a paste, combining at least a second drilling waste with coal combustion residues to form a compactable fill, and placing the paste and the compactable fill in a landfill. Other embodiments include a method of treating drilling wastes and coal combustion residues, comprising combining at least one drilling waste with a coal combustion residue to form a paste. Further embodiments include containing the paste within at least one geotextile container. Still further embodiments include placing the geotextile container in a landfill.

A method for lining an existing waste disposal site having a waste level includes, for example: installing perimeter barrier walls about the site and interior barrier walls within the perimeter barrier walls to define cells; transferring waste, such as for example ash, from one of the cells to one or more other cells to form an empty cell with a layer of contaminated material at the bottom of the empty cell; removing the layer of contaminated material from the empty cell to form a clean cell with a noncontaminated bottom layer; installing a barrier liner layer in the clean cell to form a lined cell; and transferring waste from other cells into the lined cell.