Disclosed are methods, apparatuses and systems for the remediation of contaminated soils, groundwater, water, and/or waste using a combination of reagents. The disclosed methods may be used to treat various recalcitrant halogenated substances, such as perfluoroalkyls and polyfluoroalkyls. Particular combinations of reagents that may be used in the disclosed methods include but are not limited to: (1) persulfate, oxygen and ozone; (2) persulfate, salt, oxygen and ozone; (3) persulfate, phosphate, and/or oxygen; (4) persulfate, phosphate, oxygen and ozone; (5) persulfate, phosphate, salt and oxygen (6) persulfate, phosphate, salt, oxygen and ozone; (7) oxygen and salt; and (8) air and salt. The disclosed methods may enhance destruction of organic contaminants in the liquid phase and may also control the rate of aerosol or foam formation relative to the rate of chemical oxidation and/or reduction/transfer.

Systems and methods to remediate, degrade, and/or remove pollutants within various contaminated environmental solid media that includes contaminated soils and sediments, biosolids and slurries by subjecting a mixture of the contaminated solids and a liquid to acoustic cavitation generated by more than one type of ultrasonic device. One of the ultrasonic devices operates at a low frequency and the other ultrasonic device operates at a high frequency. The system advantageously provide an efficient, sustainable, and easy to handle approach to degrade contaminant, requiring only electrical energy

A heater for thermal conduction heating suitable for use in non-vertical heater wells for purposes of soil remediation. The heater includes a rigid bar to position a non-insulated heating element in the casing away from the interior surface of the casing.

A method for remediating contaminated soil and groundwater includes selecting a treatment material and creating a smolderable mixture of a contaminant, the treatment material, and soil.

The disclosure provides a soil-groundwater joint remediation device and a method. The soil-groundwater joint remediation device is disposed in an area to be remediated and includes an injection structure, an extraction structure, and a control structure. The injection structure is disposed in an injection well defined in the area to be remediated. The injection structure includes a hot air injection member, an oxidant injection member, and a micro-bubble injection member. The extraction structure is disposed in an injection well defined in the area to be remediated and spaced from the injection structure. The extraction structure includes a liquid phase extraction member and a gas phase extraction member. The control structure controls the liquid phase extraction member and the gas phase extraction member to perform an extraction operation.

The disclosure provides a soil-groundwater joint remediation device and a method. The soil-groundwater joint remediation device is disposed in an area to be remediated and includes an injection structure, an extraction structure, and a control structure. The injection structure is disposed in an injection well defined in the area to be remediated. The injection structure includes a hot air injection member, an oxidant injection member, and a micro-bubble injection member. The extraction structure is disposed in an injection well defined in the area to be remediated and spaced from the injection structure. The extraction structure includes a liquid phase extraction member and a gas phase extraction member. The control structure controls the liquid phase extraction member and the gas phase extraction member to perform an extraction operation.

The present subject matter illustrates a method for accelerated in-situ chemical reduction of subsoil matter. The method comprises supplying a mixture comprising ferrous sulfide into soil pathways to biologically react with dissolved contaminates in the groundwater. Further, an organic hydrogen donor is supplied into the soil-pathways to produce anerobic-conditions to cause indigenous anaerobic bacteria to biodegrade residual concentrations of the contaminates.

The present application relates to a novel method for reductive degradation of perfluoroalkyl-containing compounds, such as perfluoroalkyl sulfonates, by activated carbon (AC) supported zero valent iron-nickel nanoparticles (nNi.sup.0Fe.sup.0).

The present application relates to a novel method for reductive degradation of perfluoroalkyl-containing compounds, such as perfluoroalkyl sulfonates, by activated carbon (AC) supported zero valent iron-nickel nanoparticles (nNi.sup.0Fe.sup.0).

An on-site heavy metal contaminated soil treatment apparatus, comprising a sampling system, a molding system, a heat processing system and a tail gas processing system disposed in sequence. The sampling system includes a bucket elevator and a planetary stirring device which are connected in sequence and are disposed on a mobile platform of the sampling system. The apparatus is easy to move and assemble, has a small floor area, and can be built on a target contaminated site, reducing transportation costs and the risk of secondary contamination. The entire process performed by the apparatus proceeds automatically, reducing labor costs. The planetary stirring sampling method and automatic brick blank extrusion molding process of the apparatus are applicable to various types of heavy metal contaminated soil providing high processing efficiency and good molding effect. Combined microwave heating and high-temperature steam heating provide rapid heating, small thermal inertia, and easy temperature control.