Apparatus and methods for a non-destructive recovery of PFAS contaminants from a variety of media, the apparatus including 1) a polarity conversion unit for non-destructive PFAS removal from soil, sludges, filter media, and objects; 2) a brine pot evaporator for recovering PFAS from foams and fluids; 3) a fluids treatment system for PFAS removal from treated fluids; and 4) an amphiphilic decontamination wand for PFAS removal from hard surfaces.

Methods and systems for desalination and decontamination for solid waste are disclosed. The method includes decontaminating a volume of contaminated, desalinated drill cuttings by removing at least a portion of contaminants associated with the contaminated, desalinated drill cuttings. The desalinated drill cuttings are drill cuttings that have been desalinated by a desalination unit.

Methods and systems for desalination and decontamination for solid waste are disclosed. The method includes decontaminating a volume of contaminated, desalinated drill cuttings by removing at least a portion of contaminants associated with the contaminated, desalinated drill cuttings. The desalinated drill cuttings are drill cuttings that have been desalinated by a desalination unit.

Methods and systems are provided for treating a contaminated environmental medium. In one example, the treatment includes adding a salt to the contaminated environmental medium to form a slurry. The slurry is heated to irreversibly precipitate a jarosite-group mineral incorporating contaminant cations and contaminant anions into its structure.

Methods and systems are provided for treating a contaminated environmental medium. In one example, the treatment includes adding a salt to the contaminated environmental medium to form a slurry. The slurry is heated to irreversibly precipitate a jarosite-group mineral incorporating contaminant cations and contaminant anions into its structure.

A ponded ash beneficiation system and related methods treat either landfilled or ponded waste coal fly ash by removing at least 75% of the carbon from a collected quantity of such waste coal fly ash. Analysis and testing of the collected waste coal fly ash to determine optimal air balance, indirect heat temperature and retention time. Subjecting a stream of such waste coal fly ash to temperatures ranging from 900° F. and 1150° F. along with air addition calibrated as a function of the LOI of the carbon in such waste coal fly ash. This stream is exposed to the foregoing range of temperatures and corresponding air addition for a range of time between 20 minutes and 90 minutes, in certain aspects of the disclosure. A system for beneficiating landfilled or ponded waste coal fly ash makes use of a carbon reduction kiln comprising multiple independent heat zones so that the waste coal fly ash is preferably exposed to indirect heat when received in such zones.

Disclosed are methods, apparatuses and systems for the remediation of contaminated soils, groundwater, water, and/or waste using a combination of reagents. The disclosed methods may be used to treat various recalcitrant halogenated substances, such as perfluoroalkyls and polyfluoroalkyls. Particular combinations of reagents that may be used in the disclosed methods include but are not limited to: (1) persulfate, oxygen and ozone; (2) persulfate, salt, oxygen and ozone; (3) persulfate, phosphate, and/or oxygen; (4) persulfate, phosphate, oxygen and ozone; (5) persulfate, phosphate, salt and oxygen (6) persulfate, phosphate, salt, oxygen and ozone; (7) oxygen and salt; and (8) air and salt. The disclosed methods may enhance destruction of organic contaminants in the liquid phase and may also control the rate of aerosol or foam formation relative to the rate of chemical oxidation and/or reduction/transfer.

Disclosed are methods, apparatuses and systems for the remediation of contaminated soils, groundwater, water, and/or waste using a combination of reagents. The disclosed methods may be used to treat various recalcitrant halogenated substances, such as perfluoroalkyls and polyfluoroalkyls. Particular combinations of reagents that may be used in the disclosed methods include but are not limited to: (1) persulfate, oxygen and ozone; (2) persulfate, salt, oxygen and ozone; (3) persulfate, phosphate, and/or oxygen; (4) persulfate, phosphate, oxygen and ozone; (5) persulfate, phosphate, salt and oxygen (6) persulfate, phosphate, salt, oxygen and ozone; (7) oxygen and salt; and (8) air and salt. The disclosed methods may enhance destruction of organic contaminants in the liquid phase and may also control the rate of aerosol or foam formation relative to the rate of chemical oxidation and/or reduction/transfer.

A combined remediation method of petroleum-contaminated soil includes: impurity removal pretreatment, photocatalytic pre-oxidation, stepwise thermal desorption of petroleum from soil, and high-temperature oxidation; with iron-titanium composite metal oxide (ITCMO) as a catalyst, conducting oxidation pretreatment under light conditions so that some cross-linked structures in macromolecular petroleum contaminants are broken and degraded; and conducting stepwise pyrolysis to achieve a removal rate of more than 98.00%. The new method adopts a combined remediation technology of photocatalytic pre-oxidation-stepwise pyrolysis, which realizes a relatively-high removal rate of petroleum hydrocarbons and the efficient and harmless remediation of high-concentration petroleum-contaminated soil, and remedied soil can be reused.

A method for remediating a contaminated porous matrix including selecting the type and quantity of organic fuel to create a smolderable mixture of the organic fuel and contaminated porous matrix, and controlling the rate of oxidant addition to manipulate the relative proportions of oxidative breakdown products, non-oxidative breakdown products, and non-destructive remediation processes. The method further involves collecting the volatilized contaminant, and any gaseous breakdown products of the contaminant.