In an endless rolling line, a speed of a material to be rolled changes with a flying thickness change. A temperature control device executes predictive calculation of a speed change amount of the material to be rolled associated with the flying thickness change and updates a speed pattern. The temperature control device executes feedforward control of an amount of a coolant to cool the material to be rolled based on a latest speed pattern and a measured temperature value of the material to be rolled in an entry side of the heat exchanger. In parallel with the feedforward control, the temperature control device executes feedback control of coolant volume based on an error between the measured temperature value of the material to be rolled in the delivery side of the heat exchanger and a target value.

In an endless rolling line, a speed of a material to be rolled changes with a flying thickness change. A temperature control device executes predictive calculation of a speed change amount of the material to be rolled associated with the flying thickness change and updates a speed pattern. The temperature control device executes feedforward control of an amount of a coolant to cool the material to be rolled based on a latest speed pattern and a measured temperature value of the material to be rolled in an entry side of the heat exchanger. In parallel with the feedforward control, the temperature control device executes feedback control of coolant volume based on an error between the measured temperature value of the material to be rolled in the delivery side of the heat exchanger and a target value.

A temperature calculation method includes: dividing a cross section perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of a steel plate to be hot-rolled into a plurality of rectangular elements; and calculating a temperature of each of the rectangular elements using a finite difference method. A first region 31 that includes an edge part of the cross section is divided such that a plurality of the rectangular elements are lined up in a plate-thickness direction and such that a plurality of the rectangular elements are lined up in a plate-width direction. A second region 32 that includes a center of the cross section and is wider than the first region 31 is divided such that a plurality of the rectangular elements are lined up in the plate-thickness direction but the second region 32 is not divided in the plate-width direction.

A framework cooler (20) for cooling a steel strip (50), installed in a roller framework (11), the framework being in place of the work rolls (5) and the associated installation pieces (5a and 5b). For this purpose, the framework cooler (20) is sized such that it can be installed into the roller framework (11) through the operator-side roller stands (1) of the roller framework (11). The framework cooler (20) includes a lower water tank (21b) and an upper water tank (21a), each having a connection (22) for a coolant, and a plurality of cooling nozzles (23), or cooling tubes (23a) arranged in the depth direction (T) of the framework cooler (20) or at least one cooling slot (24) extending in the depth direction (T) of the framework cooler (20). The lower and the upper water tanks (21b and 21a) can be thereby supplied with coolant by the respective connection (22). The bottom side of the steel strip (50) can be cooled by the cooling nozzles (23) or cooling tubes (23a) or the cooling slot (24) of the lower water tank (21b). The top side of the steel strip (50) can be cooled by the cooling nozzles (23) or cooling tubes (23a) or the cooling slot (24) of the upper water tank (21a).

The object of the present invention is to provide a burner which is capable of decreasing the amount of NOx emission and heating the object to be heated uniformly with excellent heat transfer efficiency when heating the object to be heated while oscillating the flame by self-induced oscillation, and a method for heating using a burner, and the present invention provides a burner including a center fluid ejection outlet 2 having a sectional fan shape in which an interval between a pair of side walls 63a and 63b gradually expands toward a downstream side, a pair of openings 62a and 62b provided on side walls 61 of a fluid ejection flow path 6 on an upstream side of the central fluid ejection port 2 and communicated by a communication pipe 7, a first peripheral fluid ejection outlet arranged around the center fluid ejection outlet, a second peripheral fluid ejection outlet is arranged at a position at which a distance between a center thereof and a center of the center fluid ejection outlet is larger than a distance between a center of the first peripheral fluid ejection outlet and the center of the center fluid ejection outlet, and in a direction orthogonal to an expanding direction of the center fluid ejection outlet, and a third peripheral fluid ejection outlet is arranged at a position at which a distance between a center thereof and the center of the center fluid ejection outlet is larger than the distance between the center of the second peripheral fluid ejection outlet and the center of the center fluid ejection outlet, and in the direction orthogonal to the expanding direction of the center fluid ejection outlet.

The object of the present invention is to provide a burner which is capable of decreasing the amount of NOx emission and heating the object to be heated uniformly with excellent heat transfer efficiency when heating the object to be heated while oscillating the flame by self-induced oscillation, and a method for heating using a burner, and the present invention provides a burner including a center fluid ejection outlet 2 having a sectional fan shape in which an interval between a pair of side walls 63a and 63b gradually expands toward a downstream side, a pair of openings 62a and 62b provided on side walls 61 of a fluid ejection flow path 6 on an upstream side of the central fluid ejection port 2 and communicated by a communication pipe 7, a first peripheral fluid ejection outlet arranged around the center fluid ejection outlet, a second peripheral fluid ejection outlet is arranged at a position at which a distance between a center thereof and a center of the center fluid ejection outlet is larger than a distance between a center of the first peripheral fluid ejection outlet and the center of the center fluid ejection outlet, and in a direction orthogonal to an expanding direction of the center fluid ejection outlet, and a third peripheral fluid ejection outlet is arranged at a position at which a distance between a center thereof and the center of the center fluid ejection outlet is larger than the distance between the center of the second peripheral fluid ejection outlet and the center of the center fluid ejection outlet, and in the direction orthogonal to the expanding direction of the center fluid ejection outlet.

A method for operating an annealing furnace to anneal a metal strip provides that, initially, at least one target material property (MP.sub.Target) is specified for a point or a section of the metal strip after passing through the annealing furnace. In addition, information (E) on the metal strip is provided before or in the annealing furnace. A calculation of a target temperature distribution (T.sub.Target) and/or a target speed (V.sub.Target) of the metal strip in the annealing furnace is then carried out with the assistance of a computer-aided model as a function of the target material properties and the specified information. The target temperature distribution and/or target speed calculated in this manner is/are subsequently set in the annealing furnace in order to transfer the material property of the metal strip behind the annealing furnace to the desired target material property MP.sub.Target.

A method for operating an annealing furnace to anneal a metal strip provides that, initially, at least one target material property (MP.sub.Target) is specified for a point or a section of the metal strip after passing through the annealing furnace. In addition, information (E) on the metal strip is provided before or in the annealing furnace. A calculation of a target temperature distribution (T.sub.Target) and/or a target speed (V.sub.Target) of the metal strip in the annealing furnace is then carried out with the assistance of a computer-aided model as a function of the target material properties and the specified information. The target temperature distribution and/or target speed calculated in this manner is/are subsequently set in the annealing furnace in order to transfer the material property of the metal strip behind the annealing furnace to the desired target material property MP.sub.Target.

An apparatus and method for rolling aluminum sheet uses a texture roll to roll the sheet while is it hot and has reduced yield strength. The texture rolling may be used to remediate defects in the sheet at a variety of stages in rolling, and may facilitate subsequent rolling stages.

Some embodiments of the disclosure provide a method for homogeneously controlling a transverse temperature during laminar cooling of a hot-rolled strip. In an embodiment, a mathematical model of middle convexity cooling in a water volume is established by designing different types of middle convexity water cooling heat transfer coefficient curves. Process procedures and equipment parameters of the hot-rolled strip during the laminar cooling are considered to restore the actual situation on site. Through finite element calculation, an optimal middle convexity water cooling heat transfer coefficient curve is obtained. Process parameters corresponding to middle convexity water volume distribution during the laminar cooling (a water flow density) are further obtained to guide a water volume control process.