A vehicle rim including outboard and inboard bead seats and an annular well flank connected to the outboard bead seat and extending radially inwardly and towards the inboard side of the rim. A well base is connected to the well flank, wherein the well base defines a flat profile, and wherein the well base defines the inner-most radial dimension of the rim. A transition portion is defined between the well flank and the inboard bead seat. The transition portion has a circumferential corrugated profile having a circumferentially concave-shaped outboard groove connected to the well base at a first tangency point, a circumferentially convex-shaped ridge directly connected to the outboard groove at a second tangency point, and a circumferentially concave-shaped inboard groove directly connected to the ridge at a third tangency point. The inboard groove is connected to the inboard bead seat at a fourth tangency point.

Disclosed is a splitting spinning apparatus, including: a base, a turntable for supporting a blank, a rotating mechanism for driving the turntable, a mandrel disposed above the turntable, and a first drive mechanism for driving the mandrel to move along a vertical direction, a roller being provided at one side of the turntable, a second drive mechanism and a third drive mechanism being disposed on the base; the splitting spinning apparatus further includes a squeezing roll and a fourth drive mechanism; the turntable includes an inner plate, an outer plate, and a hold mechanism, the blank having a diameter greater than that of the inner plate and less than an outer diameter of the outer plate, an upper side of the inner plate being in flush with an upper side of the outer plate, an outer diameter of the squeezing roll being equal to the diameter of the inner plate.

Disclosed is a splitting spinning apparatus, including: a base, a turntable for supporting a blank, a rotating mechanism for driving the turntable, a mandrel disposed above the turntable, and a first drive mechanism for driving the mandrel to move along a vertical direction, a roller being provided at one side of the turntable, a second drive mechanism and a third drive mechanism being disposed on the base; the splitting spinning apparatus further includes a squeezing roll and a fourth drive mechanism; the turntable includes an inner plate, an outer plate, and a hold mechanism, the blank having a diameter greater than that of the inner plate and less than an outer diameter of the outer plate, an upper side of the inner plate being in flush with an upper side of the outer plate, an outer diameter of the squeezing roll being equal to the diameter of the inner plate.

A spinning forming device includes: a receiving jig supporting a central portion of a plate to be formed; and a rotating shaft to which the receiving jig is attached. The spinning forming device also includes: a heater configured to locally heat a transform target portion of the plate by induction heating; and a processing tool configured to press the transform target portion to transform the plate. The spinning forming device further includes a pair of holding rollers configured to sandwich an outside portion of the plate, the outside portion being located outside the transform target portion.

A spinning forming device includes: a receiving jig supporting a central portion of a plate to be formed; and a rotating shaft to which the receiving jig is attached. The spinning forming device also includes: a heater configured to locally heat a transform target portion of the plate by induction heating; and a processing tool configured to press the transform target portion to transform the plate. The spinning forming device further includes a pair of holding rollers configured to sandwich an outside portion of the plate, the outside portion being located outside the transform target portion.

The profile shape of the vessel body and of handle portion is formed from a single sheet of metal to create a flat by cutting, stamping or blanking. An opening is created in the handle portion to reduce heat propagation. The shape of the pan body is formed by spinning with the flat handle portion. The handle is formed by creating three-dimensional contours in the handle portion of the blank. The neck portion has a flat section adjacent the pan body followed by sections of different curvature. One section of the neck portion has a deeply curved cross-section. That neck portion transitions to the hand grip portion which has a reduced curvature, particularly toward the unattached end of the handle. The neck portion may have a W cross sectional shape. The handle grip portion may have a U shaped cross-section for comfort.

The profile shape of the vessel body and of handle portion is formed from a single sheet of metal to create a flat by cutting, stamping or blanking. An opening is created in the handle portion to reduce heat propagation. The shape of the pan body is formed by spinning with the flat handle portion. The handle is formed by creating three-dimensional contours in the handle portion of the blank. The neck portion has a flat section adjacent the pan body followed by sections of different curvature. One section of the neck portion has a deeply curved cross-section. That neck portion transitions to the hand grip portion which has a reduced curvature, particularly toward the unattached end of the handle. The neck portion may have a W cross sectional shape. The handle grip portion may have a U shaped cross-section for comfort.

A method may be used to produce a seamless pressure vessel for storing hydrogen. So that such a pressure vessel withstands both very high internal pressures and pressure fluctuations and (low) temperatures and temperature fluctuations and also high mechanical loading, is resistant to embrittlement, and is comparatively lightweight, a round or tubular workpiece may be formed that includes a multi-layer composite sheet metal material comprising a carrier layer made of steel material and a shielding layer resistant to hydrogen embrittlement by a flow forming process into a seamless hollow body, which serves as a semifinished product to be further processed into the seamless pressure vessel. The shielding layer may represent an inner layer of the pressure vessel. During the flow forming of the workpiece, the shielding layer may be retained as a whole-area, uninterrupted layer.

The profile shape of the vessel body and of handle portion is formed from a single sheet of metal to create a flat by cutting, stamping or blanking. An opening is created in the handle portion to reduce heat propagation. The shape of the pan body is formed by spinning with the flat handle portion. The handle is formed by creating three-dimensional contours in the handle portion of the blank. The neck portion has a flat section adjacent the pan body followed by sections of different curvature. One section of the neck portion has a deeply curved cross-section. That neck portion transitions to the hand grip portion which has a reduced curvature, particularly toward the unattached end of the handle. The neck portion may have a W cross sectional shape. The handle grip portion may have a U shaped cross-section for comfort.

This joint processing method comprises: a friction stir welding step S2 for forming a joint 7 in a plate 5 by friction stir welding a groove 6 in the plate 5; a cold working step S4 for cold working the joint 7 under cold working conditions such that the grain size in the joint is not more than the grain size of an aluminum alloy in the groove 6 prior to the friction stir welding step S2; and a solution heat treatment step S5 for, subsequent to the cold working step S4, performing solution heat treatment of the plate 5. This joint processing method can suppress enlargement of the grains of the joint formed by friction stir welding.