In a bumper system, one end portion of a first tube is inserted into first beam holes, and the other end portion of the first tube is inserted into a first plate hole, one end portion of a second tube is inserted into second beam holes, and the other end portion of the second tube is inserted into a second plate hole. The bumper stay is joined to a bumper beam and a vehicle body plate by press-fitting in a state in which the first tube is expanded at the holes and the second tube is expanded at the holes. A first connection rib is in contact with the bumper beam, and a second connection rib is in contact with the vehicle body plate in the same direction as a direction in which the first connection rib is in contact with the bumper beam.

A mechanical spreader along a spreading axis, characterized in that it comprises a support (1) and two spreading plates (2), each spreading plate (2) comprising at least one bevel (3), and in that it also comprises a central rod (4) able to slide in said support (1) between the two spreading plates (2), said central rod (4) comprising a plurality of bevels (5) having a profile complementary to the bevels (3) of said spreading plates (2), the bevels (5) of said central rod (4) being in contact with the bevels (3) of said spreading plates (2), said spreader also comprising return means able to exert a return force on the spreading plates (2), means for pushing the central rod (4) and means for immobilizing the spreading plates (2) in planes perpendicular to said spreading axis.

A mechanical spreader along a spreading axis, characterized in that it comprises a support (1) and two spreading plates (2), each spreading plate (2) comprising at least one bevel (3), and in that it also comprises a central rod (4) able to slide in said support (1) between the two spreading plates (2), said central rod (4) comprising a plurality of bevels (5) having a profile complementary to the bevels (3) of said spreading plates (2), the bevels (5) of said central rod (4) being in contact with the bevels (3) of said spreading plates (2), said spreader also comprising return means able to exert a return force on the spreading plates (2), means for pushing the central rod (4) and means for immobilizing the spreading plates (2) in planes perpendicular to said spreading axis.

Disclosed is a composite pipe including an inexpensive steel pipe having good strength, and a stainless steel pipe having good corrosive resistance inserted into the steel pipe, a resin layer or coating layer being formed on an outer surface of the steel pipe to prevent corrosion, thereby providing the composite pipe having properties of high strength, low price, high corrosive resistance, and suitability of drinking water.

A coil unit is inserted into a tube member, an electromagnetic-forming coil part is arranged at a tube member forming position, a coil-side terminal is connected to a power-supply-side terminal of an end part of a high-voltage power supply cable, the electromagnetic-forming coil part is energized by a power supply part to electromagnetically form the tube member, the coil-side terminal and the power-supply-side terminal are separated, and the coil unit is removed from the tube member. Thus, the tube member can be separated from the high-voltage power supply cable during transport.

An electromagnetic forming device for an aluminum tube member, the electromagnetic forming device including: a jig plate in which a support member that has a through hole has been fixed to a substrate; and a tube insertion mechanism that inserts a tube member into the through hole in the support member. The electromagnetic forming device also includes: a coil unit that has an electromagnetic-forming coil part; a coil movement mechanism that supports the coil unit; a current supply part that supplies current for electromagnetic forming to the electromagnetic-forming coil part; and a jig plate transport mechanism that transports the jig plate from a tube insertion stage ST1 to a tube expansion stage ST2.

An electromagnetic forming device for an aluminum tube member, the electromagnetic forming device including: a jig plate in which a support member that has a through hole has been fixed to a substrate; and a tube insertion mechanism that inserts a tube member into the through hole in the support member. The electromagnetic forming device also includes: a coil unit that has an electromagnetic-forming coil part; a coil movement mechanism that supports the coil unit; a current supply part that supplies current for electromagnetic forming to the electromagnetic-forming coil part; and a jig plate transport mechanism that transports the jig plate from a tube insertion stage ST1 to a tube expansion stage ST2.

Embodiments provide improved flaring and swaging bits, and methods for flaring and swaging.

Embodiments provide improved flaring and swaging bits, and methods for flaring and swaging.

A retention ring for use with a recliner assembly is provided. The retention ring may be a metal member bent into an annular shape. The metal member may have a first end and a second end that are connected to one another to form a band that defines an inner diameter that may be configured to receive a recliner gear set.