A composite member includes a metal shaft member, and a fit member having an insertion hole and secured onto the shaft member inserted in the insertion hole. The shaft member includes a receiving portion contacting a first end surface of the fit member, a first radially enlarged portion adjacent to the receiving portion in an axial direction and tightly contacting an inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole, and a second radially enlarged portion adjacent to the first radially enlarged portion in the axial direction and tightly contacting a second end surface of the fit member opposite to the first end surface. The first and second radially enlarged portions are formed by applying a compressive load in the axial direction to the shaft member and an alternating load in a direction intersecting the axial direction to a portion of the shaft member inserted in the insertion hole.

A method for forming a hitch ball head includes a pre-forging step, in which a columnar blank is prepared and is extruded to form a pre-forged blank; a first forging step, in which the pre-forged blank is extruded and drawn to form first and second forged portions; a second forging step, in which the pre-forged blank is extruded and drawn to shorten a length of the first forged portion and to form the second forged portion into a to-be-formed section and a columnar base section; a first forming step, in which the pre-forged blank is extruded to form the first forged portion into a ball head portion and to form the columnar base section into a connecting segment and a columnar segment; and a second forming step, in which the pre-forged blank is extruded to form the to-be-formed section into a seat section to thereby obtain the hitch ball head.

A method and an apparatus for manufacturing a stepped member are provided. An intermediate portion of a shaft workpiece is radially enlarged while being compressed in an axial direction by applying alternating load to the intermediate portion in a direction intersecting the axial direction in a state in which pressure that compresses the shaft workpiece in the axial direction is applied to both ends of the shaft workpiece. The enlarged intermediate portion of the shaft workpiece is cat in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction so that the shaft workpiece is divided into two stepped members. Each of the stepped members has a shaft portion and a head portion provided at an axial end of the shaft portion, and the head portion has a larger diameter than the shaft portion.

A method and an apparatus for manufacturing a stepped member are provided. An intermediate portion of a shaft workpiece is radially enlarged while being compressed in an axial direction by applying alternating load to the intermediate portion in a direction intersecting the axial direction in a state in which pressure that compresses the shaft workpiece in the axial direction is applied to both ends of the shaft workpiece. The enlarged intermediate portion of the shaft workpiece is cat in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction so that the shaft workpiece is divided into two stepped members. Each of the stepped members has a shaft portion and a head portion provided at an axial end of the shaft portion, and the head portion has a larger diameter than the shaft portion.

The present disclosure provides a laminate structure including a laminate body with a second ply positioned between a first ply and a third ply, the second ply having an edge extending outward from a corresponding edge of the first and third plies. The laminate structure further includes a flange positioned on the edge of the second ply. The flange includes a first finger and a second finger extending outward to define a receptacle that receives the edge of the second ply therein.

A system and method of making a forged part. A flange may be forged between first and second ends of the part by actuating an upset punch against a second end of the tube that is disposed opposite the first end. The flange may extend away from an axis along which an upset punch is actuated.

A system and method of making a forged part. A flange may be forged between first and second ends of the part by actuating an upset punch against a second end of the tube that is disposed opposite the first end. The flange may extend away from an axis along which an upset punch is actuated.

Provided is a backing plate-integrated metal sputtering target comprising a flange part that is formed integrally with a target of which periphery becomes a backing plate, wherein the flange part comprises a structure obtained by repeating partial forging. By increasing the mechanical strength of only the flange part of the target in a backing plate-integrated sputtering target as described above, it is possible to inhibit the deformation of the target during sputtering and a change in the conventional sputtering properties; thereby the formation of thin films having superior uniformity can be realized, and the yield and reliability of semiconductor products, which are being subject to further miniaturization and higher integration, can be improved.

A hollow axle shaft for transmitting rotational motion from a prime mover to a wheel of a vehicle comprises an elongated member. The elongated member extends along an axis between a first end and a second end. The hollow axle shaft further comprises a flange at the first end and extending radially away from the axis for receiving the wheel. The flange is integral with the elongated member. A method of manufacturing the hollow axle shaft comprises the step of providing the elongated member comprising a material and defining a bore extending along the axis between the first and second ends, and the step of forming the flange with the material at the first end.

A hollow axle shaft for transmitting rotational motion from a prime mover to a wheel of a vehicle comprises an elongated member. The elongated member extends along an axis between a first end and a second end. The hollow axle shaft further comprises a flange at the first end and extending radially away from the axis for receiving the wheel. The flange is integral with the elongated member. A method of manufacturing the hollow axle shaft comprises the step of providing the elongated member comprising a material and defining a bore extending along the axis between the first and second ends, and the step of forming the flange with the material at the first end.