A cast iron having high strength, hardness, and thermal conductivity for a cylinder liner of an internal combustion engine is provided. The cast iron includes 3.2 wt. % to 3.8 wt. % carbon, 2.2 wt. % to 3.2 wt. % silicon, 0.5 wt. % to 1.3 wt. % copper, and at least 75.0 wt. % iron, based on the total weight of the cast iron. The cast iron further includes 0.01 wt. % to 0.5 wt. % manganese, 0.01 wt. % to 0.2 wt. % chromium, up to 0.3 wt. % phosphorous, up to 0.05 wt. % sulfur, up to 0.2 wt. % tin, and up to 0.1 wt. % magnesium, based on the total weight of the cast iron. Preferably, the cast iron is free of molybdenum, nickel, and vanadium. The cast iron is also heat treated and solidifies to achieve fully spheroidal graphite.

A cylinder liner for insertion into an aluminum internal-combustion engine block may include a cylindrical body of cast iron having a circumferential external surface. The cylinder liner may also have a coating deposited on and surrounding the external surface. The external surface may have a specific roughness, and the coating may include at least 98% by volume of pure nickel, and a remainder composed of impurities.

An insulated exhaust port liner of a cylinder head assembly for fluidly connecting to an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle includes a sealing layer. The sealing layer has a first surface defining a passage for fluidly connecting to the internal combustion engine and receiving exhaust gas. The sealing layer further includes a second surface opposite to the first surface. The liner further includes a thermal barrier layer coated onto the second surface of the sealing layer. The thermal barrier layer is a porous non-woven material for supporting the sealing layer on the cylinder head and reducing a transfer of heat from the sealing layer to the cylinder head.

A film forming method forms a coating film on a workpiece having at least two film-deposited portions which are not continuous with each other by moving a nozzle of a cold spray device relative to each other along a continuous movement trajectory. The movement trajectory includes at least two trajectories corresponding to the film-deposited portions and a connecting trajectory linking the trajectories of the film-deposited portions. The film-deposited portions are formed by continuously spraying a raw material powder from the nozzle by cold spraying to form a coating film on each of the plurality of film-deposited portions. A turnback point of the spraying is set on the connecting trajectory where a relative speed between the workpiece and the nozzle decreases in the movement trajectory.

A cylinder head having a cast-in-place valve seat for an automobile vehicle includes a valve seat having an inner wall. At least one retaining feature integrally and homogeneously extends from the inner wall. The valve seat when positioned into a casting mold has the at least one retaining feature assisting in retaining the valve seat in the casting mold. A metal in a molten form is received in the casting mold. A cast component formed after cooling of the metal has the valve seat cast-in-place.

An insulated exhaust port liner of a cylinder head assembly for fluidly connecting to an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle includes a sealing layer. The sealing layer has a first surface defining a passage for fluidly connecting to the internal combustion engine and receiving exhaust gas. The sealing layer further includes a second surface opposite to the first surface. The liner further includes a thermal barrier layer coated onto the second surface of the sealing layer. The thermal barrier layer is a porous non-woven material for supporting the sealing layer on the cylinder head and reducing a transfer of heat from the sealing layer to the cylinder head.

A method is for generating a cylinder crankcase including a foreign object inclusion for cast reduction and for the improved cleanliness of the generated component. The cast material is in particular removed or pushed from the areas between the tie-rods (2) below the water jacket (1), to avoid dirt input into the component during later engine operation. The areas below the water jacket (1) between the tie-rods (2) are designed as a separate tie-rod core (3), and the bolts (4) used during later installation at the water jacket core (5) are enclosed in the tie-rod core (3), so that the tie-rod core (3) is completely surrounded by cast material in the component following the cast and the bolt (4) has coalesced with the cast, and the tie-rod core (3) remains in the generated component and is located in an encapsulated space generated by the cast material.

A method of forming high quality metallurgical bonds in a composite casting is provided. The bonding technology of this invention includes the step of introducing a liquid material to contact the solid components placed in a mold cavity, applying an external field to generate stirring near the solid/liquid interface to wash off bubbles and oxide particles that prevent the liquid material from reacting to the solid component, and causing progressive solidification from the surfaces of the solid component to the liquid to drive away bubbles in the mushy zone near the bonding region. High quality metallurgical bonds are formed within the composite casting after the liquid solidifies. The resultant large composite casting has minimal defects, such as pores and oxides, at the interfaces between the solidified material and the solid objects.

A powder metal alloy composition is used in the production of a sintered powder metal insert for casting into an aluminum casting. The powder metal alloy composition includes an iron powder metal base, copper such that the copper is 3.5 weight percent or more of the powder metal alloy composition, and carbon in an amount of 0.1 to 1.0 weight percent of the powder metal alloy composition. Upon compacting and sintering the powder metal alloy composition to form the sintered powder metal insert, the sintered powder metal insert has a copper gradient that provides a higher concentration of copper on the surface of the sintered powder metal insert than in a center of the grains of the sintered powder metal insert. The higher concentration of copper at the surface of the insert enables a strong metallurgical bond to be formed with the aluminum casting during casting.

A method of forming a thermally isolated exhaust port, the method comprising applying an endothermic material to an exhaust port core in a mold for an engine cylinder head, forming the engine cylinder head with an exhaust port using a casting process, generating, in the cylinder head with the exhaust port during the casting process, nodular graphite iron proximate the endothermic material around the exhaust port core, and forming the thermally isolated exhaust port containing nodular graphite iron in the cylinder head.