A porous refractory cast material contains a closed refractory aggregate fraction having a minimum particle size and a maximum particle size; the ratio of maximum particle size to minimum particle size is 10:1 or less. This closed refractory aggregate fraction comprises all of the porous refractory cast material having a particle diameter greater than 0.1 mm. The porous refractory cast material also contains a binder phase containing refractory selected from calcium aluminate cement, alumina phosphate, hydratable alumina, colloidal silica and combinations thereof. Also disclosed is a metallurgical vessel with an interior lining incorporating the porous refractory cast material.

An installation for applying a lining composition in the form of dry particulate material (2p) is provided to form a working lining (2s) onto a surface of a cavity in a tundish (1). A space reference system (X, Y, Z), where X is a longitudinal axis, Y is a transverse axis, and Z is a vertical axis is used. The installation includes a support frame defining a passage, a tank for storing an amount of the dry particulate material, dispensing units, a plunger configured for fitting in the cavity, a longitudinal translation mechanism is configured for holding and translating the dispensing along the longitudinal axis, a transverse translation mechanism is configured for receiving the tundish and translating the tundish along the transverse axis of the passage, and an elevation translation mechanism is configured for holding the plunger and translating the plunger along the vertical axis of the cavity when the tundish is located in the passage.

An installation for applying a lining composition in the form of dry particulate material (2p) is provided to form a working lining (2s) onto a surface of a cavity in a tundish (1). A space reference system (X, Y, Z), where X is a longitudinal axis, Y is a transverse axis, and Z is a vertical axis is used. The installation includes a support frame defining a passage, a tank for storing an amount of the dry particulate material, dispensing units, a plunger configured for fitting in the cavity, a longitudinal translation mechanism is configured for holding and translating the dispensing along the longitudinal axis, a transverse translation mechanism is configured for receiving the tundish and translating the tundish along the transverse axis of the passage, and an elevation translation mechanism is configured for holding the plunger and translating the plunger along the vertical axis of the cavity when the tundish is located in the passage.

An ingot mold for curing fused and melted material is provided. The ingot mold includes a steel box, a foamed carbon layer, and a graphite block layer. The foamed carbon layer is formed inside the steel box. The graphite block layer is formed inside the steel box.