Provided are an apparatus for producing inorganic powder, and a method of producing inorganic powder by using such. The apparatus includes a vaporization part where a condensed-phase precursor is vaporized to obtain a gas-phase precursor, a partial precipitation part where the gas-phase precursor obtained in the vaporization part is partially precipitated to a condensed phase, and a reaction part where the gas-phase precursor remaining after being partially precipitated to a condensed phase in the partial precipitation part reacts with a reaction gas to obtain inorganic powder. An equilibrium vapor pressure of the gas-phase precursor in the partial precipitation part is lower than a vapor pressure of the gas-phase precursor obtained in the vaporization part, and an equilibrium vapor pressure of the precursor in the reaction part is equal to or higher than a vapor pressure of the gas-phase precursor partially precipitated to a condensed phase in the partial precipitation part.

Disclosed is a nano dispersion copper alloy with high air-tightness and low free oxygen content and a brief manufacturing process thereof, wherein alloy comprises the following components: Al.sub.2O.sub.3, Ca and La. The manufacturing process comprises the following steps of: preparing Cu—Al.sub.2O.sub.3 alloy powder by an internal oxidation method; mixing the Cu—Al.sub.2O.sub.3 alloy powder with Cu—Ca—La alloy powder; sheathing the mixed powder under protection of argon; performing hot extrusion and then rotary forging; vacuumizing the sheath after the rotary forging; and sealing and placing the sheath in a nitrogen atmosphere with a temperature of 450° C. to 550° C. and a pressure intensity of 40 Mpa to 60 Mpa for 3 hours to 5 hours. The dispersion copper prepared by the present disclosure has the advantages of low free oxygen content (≤15 ppm), high dimensional stability, good air-tightness and an air leakage rate≤1.0×10.sup.−10 Pa m.sup.3/s after hydrogen annealing.

Disclosed is a nano dispersion copper alloy with high air-tightness and low free oxygen content and a brief manufacturing process thereof, wherein alloy comprises the following components: Al.sub.2O.sub.3, Ca and La. The manufacturing process comprises the following steps of: preparing Cu—Al.sub.2O.sub.3 alloy powder by an internal oxidation method; mixing the Cu—Al.sub.2O.sub.3 alloy powder with Cu—Ca—La alloy powder; sheathing the mixed powder under protection of argon; performing hot extrusion and then rotary forging; vacuumizing the sheath after the rotary forging; and sealing and placing the sheath in a nitrogen atmosphere with a temperature of 450° C. to 550° C. and a pressure intensity of 40 Mpa to 60 Mpa for 3 hours to 5 hours. The dispersion copper prepared by the present disclosure has the advantages of low free oxygen content (≤15 ppm), high dimensional stability, good air-tightness and an air leakage rate≤1.0×10.sup.−10 Pa m.sup.3/s after hydrogen annealing.

Nanoparticles for use in the treatment of a well have a magnetic core of iron, nickel or cobalt or an alloy thereof; a carbon shell encapsulating the magnetic core; at least one organic functional group on the surface of the carbon shell through covalent bonding; and a coating of amorphous carbon nitride encapsulating the functionalized carbon shell. The nanoparticles may be used to identify fluids produced from the reservoir, identify the zone within the reservoir from which recovered fluid is produced, in water flooding to determine water breakthrough in the production well and to identify those injection wells from which breakthrough water originates.

The magnetic tape includes a magnetic layer having ferromagnetic powder and a binder on a non-magnetic support, in which the magnetic layer includes a timing-based servo pattern, the ferromagnetic powder is ferromagnetic hexagonal ferrite powder having an activation volume equal to or smaller than 1,600 nm.sup.3, and an edge shape of the timing-based servo pattern specified by a magnetic force microscope observation is a shape in which a difference (l.sub.99.9−l.sub.0.1) between a value l.sub.99.9 of a cumulative frequency function of 99.9% of a position deviation width from an ideal shape in a longitudinal direction of the magnetic tape and a value l.sub.0.1 of the cumulative frequency function of 0.1% thereof is equal to or smaller than 180 nm.

A method for obtaining a lead-free or low lead content brass billet subjects a mixture of lead-free or low lead content brass chips and graphite powder to extrusion, either direct or inverted. The method obtains lead-free or low lead content brass billets.

A method for obtaining a lead-free or low lead content brass billet subjects a mixture of lead-free or low lead content brass chips and graphite powder to extrusion, either direct or inverted. The method obtains lead-free or low lead content brass billets.

A method for obtaining a lead-free or low lead content brass billet subjects a mixture of lead-free or low lead content brass chips and graphite powder to extrusion, either direct or inverted. The method obtains lead-free or low lead content brass billets.

A method for heat treating metal alloy powder includes (a) introducing metal alloy powder to a chamber having a floor and a sidewall; (b) flowing a fluidizing gas through the floor and into the chamber to fluidize the metal alloy powder in the chamber; (c) flowing an additional gas through the sidewall into the chamber; and (d) heating the chamber to heat treat the metal alloy powder in the chamber. A system for heat treating metal alloy powder includes an inner chamber having a porous floor and a porous sidewall; an outer chamber, the inner chamber being inside of the outer chamber and defining an annular space between the outer chamber and the inner chamber, wherein the outer chamber and the inner chamber are inside a furnace; a source of fluidizing gas connected to the porous floor through the annular space; and a source of additional gas communicated with the porous sidewall through the annular space.

A method for heat treating metal alloy powder includes (a) introducing metal alloy powder to a chamber having a floor and a sidewall; (b) flowing a fluidizing gas through the floor and into the chamber to fluidize the metal alloy powder in the chamber; (c) flowing an additional gas through the sidewall into the chamber; and (d) heating the chamber to heat treat the metal alloy powder in the chamber. A system for heat treating metal alloy powder includes an inner chamber having a porous floor and a porous sidewall; an outer chamber, the inner chamber being inside of the outer chamber and defining an annular space between the outer chamber and the inner chamber, wherein the outer chamber and the inner chamber are inside a furnace; a source of fluidizing gas connected to the porous floor through the annular space; and a source of additional gas communicated with the porous sidewall through the annular space.