New types of particle feedstocks and heterogeneous grain structures are provided for rare earth permanent magnets (REPMs) and their production in a manner to significantly enhance toughness of the magnet with little or no sacrifice in the hard magnetic properties. The novel tough REPMs made from the feedstock have heterogeneous grain structures, such as bi-modal, tri-modal, multi-modal, laminated, gridded, gradient fine/coarse grain structures, or other microstructural heterogeneity and configurations, without changing the chemical compositions of magnets.

A method for production of a metallic material from a semifinished metallic billet, the semifinished metallic billet including a nanocrystalline microstructure and/or an ultrafine-grained microstructure, the method including the steps of (1) subjecting the semifinished metallic billet to a rotary incremental forming process to form an intermediate wrought metallic billet, and (2) subjecting the intermediate wrought metallic billet to a high rate forming process to form a metallic product.

A method for production of a metallic material from a semifinished metallic billet, the semifinished metallic billet including a nanocrystalline microstructure and/or an ultrafine-grained microstructure, the method including the steps of (1) subjecting the semifinished metallic billet to a rotary incremental forming process to form an intermediate wrought metallic billet, and (2) subjecting the intermediate wrought metallic billet to a high rate forming process to form a metallic product.

The invention relates to a machining module for a device for producing a molded metal body (1) by means of an additive generative manufacturing process. A sheet, wire, or pulverulent metal-containing starting material (2) is melted and applied in layers, thereby forming the molded body (1). According to the invention, in addition to a material supply device (9), the machining module comprises a protective gas supply device (11), which has an outlet opening arranged annularly about the material supply device (9), and a fluid supply device (3) for supplying coolant (4), having one or more nozzles (10) which are arranged spatially adjacent to the material supply device (9) such that the surface of the molded body (1) can be supplied with the coolant (4) in points or in a partial manner directly adjacent to the melt bath at one position or along a curve, each of which can be specified in a variable manner.

The invention relates to a machining module for a device for producing a molded metal body (1) by means of an additive generative manufacturing process. A sheet, wire, or pulverulent metal-containing starting material (2) is melted and applied in layers, thereby forming the molded body (1). According to the invention, in addition to a material supply device (9), the machining module comprises a protective gas supply device (11), which has an outlet opening arranged annularly about the material supply device (9), and a fluid supply device (3) for supplying coolant (4), having one or more nozzles (10) which are arranged spatially adjacent to the material supply device (9) such that the surface of the molded body (1) can be supplied with the coolant (4) in points or in a partial manner directly adjacent to the melt bath at one position or along a curve, each of which can be specified in a variable manner.

A system for preparing nanoparticles by supercritical hydrothermal synthesis is provided. Firstly, a mixture of a first reactant and a second reactant and high-temperature water at an outlet of a heating furnace (10) are mixed and are heated to a reaction temperature, the mixture is connected to a supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor (14), and a product at an outlet of the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor enters a heat regenerator (9); hot water at an outlet of a low-temperature section of the heating furnace (10) first enters the heat regenerator, and then enters a high-temperature section of the heating furnace so as to be continuously heated to a set temperature; fluid at the pipe side outlet of the heat regenerator separately passes through a heat exchange coil in a first reactant modulation pool (1) and a steam generator (2) in a waste heat power generation system (20).

A method includes placing an additively manufactured article having one or more internal channels in a non-reactive liquid to remove remainder powder from within the one or more internal channels, wherein the non-reactive liquid is a gas at room temperature and/or pressure. Placing the additively manufactured article in the non-reactive liquid includes can include placing the additively manufactured article in liquid nitrogen.

A method includes placing an additively manufactured article having one or more internal channels in a non-reactive liquid to remove remainder powder from within the one or more internal channels, wherein the non-reactive liquid is a gas at room temperature and/or pressure. Placing the additively manufactured article in the non-reactive liquid includes can include placing the additively manufactured article in liquid nitrogen.

Disclosed here is a method for making a nanoporous material, comprising aerosolizing a solution comprising at least one metal salt and at least one solvent to obtain an aerosol, freezing the aerosol to obtain a frozen aerosol, and drying the frozen aerosol to obtain a nanoporous metal compound material. Further, the nanoporous metal compound material can be reduced to obtain a nanoporous metal material.

Disclosed here is a method for making a nanoporous material, comprising aerosolizing a solution comprising at least one metal salt and at least one solvent to obtain an aerosol, freezing the aerosol to obtain a frozen aerosol, and drying the frozen aerosol to obtain a nanoporous metal compound material. Further, the nanoporous metal compound material can be reduced to obtain a nanoporous metal material.