Disclosed are a method of manufacturing a billet used in plastic working for producing a composite member and a billet manufactured by the method. The method includes (A) ball-milling powders of two more materials to prepare a composite powder and (B) preparing a multi-layered billet containing the composite powder. The multi-layered billet includes a core layer and two or more shell layers. The shell layers except for the outermost shell layer are made of the composite powder. The outermost shell layer is made of a pure metal or metal alloy. The composite powders contained in the core layer and each of the shell layers have different compositions. The method has an advantage of manufacturing a plastic working billet being capable of overcoming the limitation of a single-material billet and enabling production of a characteristic-specific composite member such as a clad member.

The invention includes apparatus and methods for instantiating precious metals in a nanoporous carbon powder.

The present invention involves a graphene-containing rare earth permanent magnet material and preparation method thereof. The graphene-containing rare earth permanent magnet material, comprising: 20.6 to 23.4 weight percent of neodymium, 6.6 to 7.5 weight percent of praseodymium, 0.95 to 1.20 weight percent of boron, 0.4 to 0.6 weight percent of cobalt, 0.11 to 0.15 weight percent of copper, 2.0 to 2.4 weight percent of lanthanum, 1.7 to 2.1 weight percent of cerium, 1 to 5 weight percent of graphene, a remainder being iron. The graphene-containing rare earth permanent magnet material exhibits excellent temperature resistance, good conductivity and magnet properties even without any heavy rare earth elements like terbium or dysprosium, which dramatically reduces the cost, promotes the efficient utilization of rare earth resources and improves product quality. The preparation method within this invention is simple to realize, easy to control, cost-effective and has high production efficiency and stable product performances.

A thixomolding material includes: a metal body that contains Mg as a main component; and a coating portion that is adhered to a surface of the metal body via a binder and contains C particles containing C as a main component. A mass fraction of the C particles in a total mass of the metal body and the C particles is 5.0 mass % or more and 40.0 mass % or less. The binder may contain waxes. The C particles may be graphite particles.

Provided is a mixed powder for powder metallurgy that contains a readily available compound as a lubricant, does not need to contain a stain-causing metal soap, has excellent ejection properties, and can exhibit excellent fluidity without deteriorating the ejection properties even in the case of further containing carbon black. The mixed powder for powder metallurgy contains (a) an iron-based powder and (b) a lubricant, where the lubricant (b) contains a specific aliphatic amine.

A graphene modifying method of metal having following steps of providing metal powders, graphene powders and a binder, the metal powder has metal particles, and the graphene powder has graphene micro pieces, each graphene micro piece is formed by 6-atom unit cells connected with each other, each 6-atom unit cell is connected to a stearic acid functional group by a sp3 bond; mixing the metal powder, the graphene powder, and the binder to generate heat by a friction, each sp3 bond connected with the stearic acid functional group is thereby heated and broken, each 6-atom unit cell is connected with other 6-atom unit cells via the broken sp3 bond, and the metal particles are thereby wrapped by the 6-atom unit cells; and sintering the metal particles into a metal body to transform the plurality of graphene micro pieces into a three-dimensional mash embedded in the metal body.

A Cu-based sintered sliding member that can be used under high-load conditions. The sliding member is age-hardened, including 5 to 30 mass % Ni, 5 to 20 mass % Sn, 0.1 to 1.2 mass % P, and the rest including Cu and unavoidable impurities. In the sliding member, an alloy phase containing higher concentrations of Ni, P and Sn than their average concentrations in the whole part of the sliding member, is allowed to be present in a grain boundary of a metallic texture, thereby achieving excellent wear resistance. Hence, without needing expensive hard particles, there can be obtained, at low cost, a Cu-based sintered sliding member usable under high-load conditions. Even more excellent wear resistance is achieved by containing 0.3 to 10 mass % of at least one solid lubricant selected from among graphite, graphite fluoride, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, boron nitride, calcium fluoride, talc and magnesium silicate mineral powders.

A sintered friction material comprises a metallic matrix and granular constituents embedded in the matrix. The metallic matrix comprises a copper base alloy. The friction material is characterized in that the granular constituents comprise at least one sintered cemented carbide in a proportion of up to 9 weight percent, based on the total weight of the friction material. Furthermore, a friction body, in particular for clutches and brakes, that comprises a friction lining with at least one layer made of the sintered friction material, and a method for the production of a friction lining with the sintered friction material are described.

The invention includes apparatus and methods for instantiating precious metals in a nanoporous carbon powder.

One aspect of the present invention is a lubricant to be incorporated into a powder metallurgical mixed powder containing an iron-based powder. The lubricant includes a flaky organic material having an average particle diameter of from 0.1 μm to less than 3 μm. Another aspect of the present invention is a powder metallurgical mixed powder which contains an iron-based powder and the lubricant. Yet another aspect of the present invention is a method for producing a sintered compact. The method includes the step of mixing materials to give a powder metallurgical mixed powder containing an iron-based powder and the lubricant. The powder metallurgical mixed powder is compacted using a die to give a powder compact. The powder compact is sintered to give a sintered compact.