Provided is a copper powder that has an increased number of points of contact between copper powder particles, that ensures excellent conductivity, and that can be suitably used in a conductive paste, an electromagnetic wave shield, or the like. The copper powder is configured from flat plate-shaped copper particles that form a dendritic shape having a linearly grown main trunk and a plurality of branches branching from the main trunk. The main trunk and the branches have an average cross-sectional thickness of more than 1.0 m but no more than 5.0 m. The copper powder has a flat plate shape that is configured from a layered structure of one layer or a plurality of stacked layers. The average particle size (D50) is 1.0-100 m.

A method for creating electrically or thermally conductive vias in both vertical and horizontal orientations in a dielectric material has the steps of: (a) depositing a powder comprising metallic particles on a planar surface of a dielectric material having through or blind vias; (b) drying the deposited powder of metallic particles; (c) polishing the powder of metallic powders into the through or blind vias; (d) repeating steps (a)-(c) on a reverse side of the dielectric material; and (e) repeating steps (a)-(d) until no unfilled vias are detected.

A system may include a powder source; a powder delivery device; an energy delivery device; and a computing device. The computing device may be configured to: control the powder source to deliver metal powder to the powder delivery device; control the powder delivery device to deliver the metal powder to a surface of an abrasive coating; and control the energy delivery device to deliver energy to at least one of the abrasive coating or the metal powder to cause the metal powder to be joined to the abrasive coating.

Some variations provide a system for producing a functionalized powder, comprising: an agitated pressure vessel; first particles and second particles contained within the agitated pressure vessel; a fluid contained within the agitated pressure vessel; an exhaust line for releasing the fluid from the agitated pressure vessel; and a means for recovering a functionalized powder containing the second particles disposed onto surfaces of the first particles. A preferred fluid is carbon dioxide in liquefied or supercritical form. The carbon dioxide may be initially loaded into the pressure vessel as solid carbon dioxide. The pressure vessel may be batch or continuous and is operated under reaction conditions to functionalize the first particles with the second particles, thereby producing a functionalized powder, such as nanofunctionalized metal particles in which nanoparticles act as grain refiners for a component ultimately produced from the nanofunctionalized metal particles. Methods for making the functionalized powder are also disclosed.

Described herein is a chamber component having a body comprising one or more aluminum alloy compositions. A surface of the chamber component has an aluminum alloy composition comprising aluminum (Al), wherein the Al is included in an amount of about 85 wt % to about 98 wt %, based on total weight of the alloy composition, and magnesium (Mg), wherein the Mg is included in an amount of about 1 wt % to about 5 wt %, based on total weight of the alloy composition. The aluminum alloy composition further includes one or more additional chemical elements that form an equiaxed grain structure of an aluminum matrix of the alloy composition.

Nanoparticles, nanoparticle conjugates, devices for making nanoparticles and nanoparticle conjugates, and related methods of use and synthesis are described.

The disclosure describes an example technique that includes cold spraying first particles and second particles of a metal alloy on at least a portion of a surface of a substrate to form a deposit on the surface of the substrate. The first and second particles have been subjected to different heat treatments prior to cold spraying. Cold spraying involves accelerating the first particles and the second particles toward the surface of the substrate without melting or creating other thermally induced changes to a microstructure of the first and second particles. As a result, the first particles form a first, heat-treated component and the second particles form a second non-heat-treated or differently-heat-treated component, and the particles and substrate are not subject to a heat treatment during the cold spray process that may further modify their thermomechanical properties.

Methods of forming a coating are presented. For example, a method for forming a coating on particles may include mixing an initial powder with a pressing medium, the initial powder comprising a plurality of core particles having an initial shell coating thereon; isostatic pressing the initial powder within the pressing medium to densify the initial shell coating on the plurality of core particles to form a pressed powder, the pressed powder comprising a densified shell coating on the plurality of core particles; and thereafter, removing the pressing medium from the pressed powder.