Nano-engineered materials for powder metallurgy and workpieces created using the materials. Workpieces include primary phase powders having nano-engineered partial or complete coatings and/or secondary phases adhered to interfaces of their constituent materials. Nano-engineered coatings are provided for metallic, polymeric and/or ceramic powder metallurgy feedstock powders to produce workpieces with superior performance and/or functional benefits, as are methods of manufacturing injection molding and additive manufacturing feedstock powders containing these coatings and additional respective functional benefits.

Disclosed are interfacially modified metal particulate composite materials for use in powder metallurgy sintered products and processes.

Disclosed is a method for preparing vanadium or vanadium alloy powder from a vanadium-containing raw material through a shortened process, including: calcinating a mixture of a vanadium-containing raw material and an alkali compound for oxidation to form a water-soluble vanadate; purifying the vanadate followed by vanadium precipitation to produce an intermediate CaV.sub.2O.sub.6 with high purity; dissolving CaV.sub.2O.sub.6 in a molten-salt medium together with other raw materials to form a uniform reaction system; and introducing a reducing agent to the system followed by separation, washing and drying to produce vanadium or vanadium alloy powder having a particle size of 50-800 nm and a purity of 99.0 wt % or more. The method can continuously process vanadium-containing raw materials to prepare vanadium or vanadium alloy powder.

One aspect of the invention requires an apparatus for forming core-shell magnetic nanoparticles comprising: a magnetic nanoparticle source operable to generate a beam of nanoparticles; at least one shell material source comprising a bore through which the beam of nanoparticles may pass; and at least one controllable magnetic field generator, operable to generate a magnetic field which at least partially surrounds the at least one shell material source, wherein nanoparticles may be received at one end of the shell material source and the movement of the nanoparticles within the bore may be controlled by the controllable magnetic field to be coated by the shell material to specified dimensions, and nanoparticles may leave the other end of the shell material source. Another aspect of the in invention is a method of manufacturing core-shell magnetic nanoparticles, wherein: a beam of magnetic nanoparticles is generated by the nanoparticles source (34); and at least one vapour of at least one shell material is generated by at least one shell material source (36, 38, 50), wherein the at least one vapour of at least one shell material is located within the field generated by a controllable magnetic field generator (80); wherein the beam of nanoparticles enter the vapour of at least one shell material source (36, 38, 50) and the movement of the magnetic nanoparticles is controlled to coat the nanoparticles with the at least one shell material to specified dimensions and subsequently the coated nanoparticles are directed from the at least one shell material source to exit the at least one shell material source.

A gear pump can include at least one gear having a plurality of gear teeth. At least the plurality of gear teeth can be additively manufactured and can include a substrate and a pitting resistant outer coating additively manufactured on the substrate and configured to prevent pitting due to cavitation. The substrate can include a substrate material and the pitting resistant outer coating includes a pitting resistant material different than the substrate material. The pitting resistant outer coating defines an outer surface layer of the gear teeth.

The present invention relates to a new pre-alloyed metal based powder, intended to be used in surface coating of metal parts. The powder is deposited using e.g. laser cladding or plasma transfer arc welding (PTA), or thermal spray (e.g. HVOF). The powder is useful for reducing friction and improving wear reducing properties of the deposited coating. Such coatings may also improve machinability. As friction or wear reducing component, inclusions of manganese sulphide or tungsten sulphide in the pre-alloyed powder may be used.

A formed article includes a metal particle which has a particle size in a range from 1 m to 20 m and consists of an outer shell and a core part. The core part contains Sn or a Sn alloy. The outer shell contains an intermetallic compound of Sn and Cu and covers 50% or more of a total surface area of the core part.

The Cu core ball contains a Cu ball and a solder layer for covering a surface of the Cu ball. The Cu ball contains at least one element selected from Fe, Ag, and Ni in a total amount of 5.0 or more to 50.0 ppm by mass or lower, S in an amount of 0 or more to 1.0 ppm by mass or lower, P in an amount of 0 or more to less than 3.0 ppm by mass, and remainder of Cu and inevitable impurities. The Cu ball contains purity which is 99.995% or higher and 99.9995% by mass or lower, and sphericity which is 0.95 or higher. The solder layer includes Ag in an amount of more than 0 to 4.0% by mass or less, Cu in an amount of more than 0 to 3.0% by mass or less, and remainder of Sn.

A novel silver-coated copper powder, particularly a silver-coated copper powder particle having a dendritic shape, having increased electrical conductivity with no need to increase the silver content is provided. The silver-coated copper powder is composed of a silver-coated copper particle coated with a silver layer containing silver or a silver alloy, including a silver-coated copper particle having a dendritic shape, containing nitrogen (N) in the silver layer, and having a nitrogen (N) content of 0.2 to 10.0 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the silver content.

An electro-conductive paste includes a metal particle and a vehicle in which the metal particle is dispersed. The metal particle has a particle size in a range from 1 m to 20 m and consists of an outer shell and a core part. The core part contains Sn or a Sn alloy. The outer shell contains an intermetallic compound of Sn and Cu and covers 50% or more of a total surface area of the core part.