A method of synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNP's) using an orange peel extract is described. The method includes preparing an orange peel extract by cutting a portion of an orange peel into smaller pieces and washing the cut orange peel pieces with de-ionized water to form a washed orange peel. The method further includes boiling the washed orange peel in de-ionized water for at least 3 minutes to form an extract solution and filtering the extract solution from the orange peel to obtain the orange peel extract. The method further includes forming a synthesis mixture of at least one silver salt and the orange peel extract and reacting the silver salt and the orange peel extract to form the silver nanoparticles within 1 minute. The silver nanoparticles find application in detection of mercury ions in an aqueous solution.

A cermet contains hard phase particles containing Ti and a binding phase containing at least one of Ni and Co, and 70% or more (by number) of the hard phase particles have a cored structure containing a core and a peripheral portion around the core. The core is composed mainly of at least one of Ti carbide, Ti nitride, and Ti carbonitride, and the peripheral portion is composed mainly of a Ti composite compound containing Ti and at least one selected from W, Mo, Ta, Nb, and Cr. The core has an average particle size α, the peripheral portion has an average particle size β, and α and β satisfy 1.1≦β/α≦1.7.

A cermet contains hard phase particles containing Ti and a binding phase containing at least one of Ni and Co. 70% or more of the hard phase particles have a cored structure containing a core and a peripheral portion around the core. The core is composed mainly of at least one of Ti carbide, Ti nitride, and Ti carbonitride. The peripheral portion is composed mainly of a Ti composite compound containing Ti and at least one selected from W, Mo, Ta, Nb, and Cr. The core has an average particle size α, the peripheral portion has an average particle size β, and α and β satisfy 1.1≦β/α≦1.7. The hard phase particles in the cermet have an average particle size of more than 1.0 μm.

A metallic nanoparticle dispersion includes metallic nanoparticles and a compound according to Formula I, ##STR00001##
wherein X represents the necessary atoms to form a substituted or unsubstituted ring. The presence of small amounts of the compound according to Formula I increases the conductivity of metallic layers or patterns formed from the metallic nanoparticle dispersions at moderate curing conditions.

An apparatus and method for manufacturing solid particles based on inert gas evaporation. The method includes forming a continuous gaseous feed flow, and injecting the continuous gaseous feed flow through an inlet into a free-space region of a reactor chamber in the form of a feed jet flow, and forming at least one continuous jet flow of a cooling fluid and injecting the at least one jet flow of cooling fluid into the reaction chamber. The feed jet flow is made by passing the feed flow at a pressure above the reactor chamber pressure in the range from 0.01.Math.10.sup.5 to 20.Math.10.sup.5 Pa through an injection nozzle. The jet flow of cooling fluid is made by passing the cooling fluid through an injection nozzle which directs the jet flow of cooling fluid such that it intersects the feed jet flow with an intersection angle between 30 and 150°.

A silver powder includes a large number of particles. The particles include polyhedral particles 2. The ratio P1 of the number of the polyhedral particles 2 to the total number of the particles is equal to or greater than 80%. Each polyhedral particle 2 has a body containing silver as a main component, and a coating layer covering a surface of the body and containing organic matter as a main component. Each polyhedral particle 2 has an aspect ratio of equal to or less than 3.0. The content P2 of the organic matter in the silver powder is preferably equal to or less than 0.5% by weight. The silver powder preferably has a median diameter D50 of equal to or less than 0.5 μm. The silver powder preferably has a tap density TD of equal to or greater than 5.0 g/cm.sup.3.

A method for producing nickel nanopowder is introduced. For this, the present invention relates to a method for producing nickel nanopowder, including: (a) a step of preparing nickel oxide configured in the form of an oxide; (b) a nickel oxide nanopowder production step of pulverizing the nickel oxide so as to produce nano-sized nickel oxide nanopowder; (c) a step of drying the nickel oxide nanopowder; (d) a step of heat-treating the nickel oxide nanopowder so as to produce natural metal nickel nanopowder; and (e) a step of crushing the heat-treated nickel oxide nanopowder.

The present disclosure generally relates to metallic powders for use in multilayer ceramic capacitors, to multilayer ceramic capacitors containing same and to methods of manufacturing such powders and capacitors. The disclosure addresses the problem of having better controlled smaller particle size distribution, with minimal contaminant contents which can be implemented at an industrial scale.

The present application relates to hollow metal nano particles.

An RFeB system sintered magnet which does not contain a heavy rare-earth element R.sup.H (Dy, Tb and Ho) in a practically effective amount and yet is suited for applications in which the magnet undergoes a temperature increase during its use. The RFeB system sintered magnet contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nd and Pr as a rare-earth element R in addition to Fe and B while containing none of Dy, Tb and Ho, the magnet having a temperature characteristic value t.sub.(100-23) which satisfies −0.58<t.sub.(100-23)<0, where t.sub.(100-23) is defined by the following equation:

[00001]$t_{\left(100-23\right)}=\frac{H_{\mathrm{cj}}\left(100\right)-H_{\mathrm{cj}}\left(23\right)}{\left(100-23\right)\times H_{\mathrm{cj}}\left(23\right)}\times 100$

using H.sub.cj(23) which is the value of the coercivity at a temperature of 23° C. and H.sub.cj(100) which is the value of the coercivity at a temperature of 100° C.