A weld bead cutting device is configured such that, a liner made as liner portions are abutted on and welded to each other is rotated around a rotation axis extending in a direction along an abutting direction, and a weld bead is cut with a cutting tool arranged among rollers in a state where the rollers are pressed against an outer peripheral surface of the liner, the rollers being arranged on both sides of the weld bead on the liner in a direction along an extending direction of the rotation axis.

A lathe loading clamp for supporting bars includes a main body provided with a shaft for coupling to a rotating assembly, which is substantially tapered at one of its ends, and a cavity at the opposite end. The cavity accommodates, with a predefined axial play, a bush, made of material that is at least partially polymeric, which has an axial channel having a diameter that is substantially complementary to the diameter of the bar to be supported. The axial channel (6), in the configuration for use, accommodates a portion of a bar.

A method of forming an aperture in a ceramic matrix composite material is provided. The method may comprise drilling a pilot hole into the ceramic matrix composite material and spiral machining the pilot hole to enlarge a diameter of the pilot hole, wherein the enlarged pilot hole is the aperture in the ceramic matrix composite material. The method may comprise spiral machining the pilot hole in a radial direction with a tool to enlarge a diameter of the pilot hole until the aperture in the ceramic matrix composite material is formed. The tool may have a first diameter in a section of the tool and a second diameter on either side of the section of the tool or on both sides of the section of the tool, wherein the second diameter is larger than the first diameter.

The illustrative embodiment of the present invention uses a tangible three-dimensional structure as a fiducial mark, which structure is, at least partially, tolerant of dimensional variations in the article. The illustrative embodiment uses three such tangible three-dimensional structures: (1) a portion of a tangible conical surface, (2) a portion of a tangible spheroidal surface, and (3) a portion of a tangible pyramidal surface.

The illustrative embodiment of the present invention uses a tangible three-dimensional structure as a fiducial mark, which structure is, at least partially, tolerant of dimensional variations in the article. The illustrative embodiment uses three such tangible three-dimensional structures: (1) a portion of a tangible conical surface, (2) a portion of a tangible spheroidal surface, and (3) a portion of a tangible pyramidal surface.

The illustrative embodiment of the present invention uses a tangible three-dimensional structure as a fiducial mark, which structure is, at least partially, tolerant of dimensional variations in the article. The illustrative embodiment uses three such tangible three-dimensional structures: (1) a portion of a tangible conical surface, (2) a portion of a tangible spheroidal surface, and (3) a portion of a tangible pyramidal surface.

The illustrative embodiment of the present invention uses a tangible three-dimensional structure as a fiducial mark, which structure is, at least partially, tolerant of dimensional variations in the article. The illustrative embodiment uses three such tangible three-dimensional structures: (1) a portion of a tangible conical surface, (2) a portion of a tangible spheroidal surface, and (3) a portion of a tangible pyramidal surface.

The illustrative embodiment of the present invention uses a tangible three-dimensional structure as a fiducial mark, which structure is, at least partially, tolerant of dimensional variations in the article. The illustrative embodiment uses three such tangible three-dimensional structures: (1) a portion of a tangible conical surface, (2) a portion of a tangible spheroidal surface, and (3) a portion of a tangible pyramidal surface.

A drill for forming through holes in a glass fiber reinforced substrate includes a drill body having a cutting edge part on a front end side, and a neck part on a base end side. The cutting edge part has a larger diameter than the neck part. The drill body has a step formed between the cutting edge and neck parts and a single continuous chip evacuation groove having main and secondary grooves. The main groove has an L-shaped cross section and is extending from front end of the cutting edge part over the step to the neck part. The secondary groove has a U-shaped cross section and smaller groove width and depth than the main groove and is extending along the main groove from the front end of the cutting edge part over the step to the neck part and merging into the main groove at the neck part.

The present invention is concerned with twist drills for drilling of composite materials such as carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) and glass fibre reinforced plastic (GFRP). The present invention proposes that a twist drill (2) is provided with a variable helix having a defined start and finish helix angle, in combination with primary and secondary relief angles such that the drill (2) is adapted to minimise thrust force, particularly when used for drilling fibre-containing composite materials and especially for hand drilling. Start and finish helix angles of 50 and 10; 50 and 30; and 30 and 10 have been shown to provide excellent cutting performance and exit hole quality. A large secondary chisel edge angle (24) has also been found to contribute to excellent performance with composite materials, including stack machining.