In one aspect, cutting tools are provided comprising radiation ablation regions defining at least one of refractory surface microstructures and/or nanostructures. For example, a cutting tool described herein comprises at least one cutting edge formed by intersection of a flank face and a rake face, the flank face formed of a refractory material comprising radiation ablation regions defining at least one of surface microstructures and surface nanostructures, wherein surface pore structure of the refractory material is not occluded by the surface microstructures and surface nanostructures.

A coated cutting tool comprising a substrate and a coating layer formed on a surface of the substrate, wherein: the coating layer comprises at least one α-type aluminum oxide layer; and, in the α-type aluminum oxide layer, a texture coefficient TC (0,0,12) of a (0,0,12) plane is from 4.0 or more to 8.4 or less, and a texture coefficient TC (0,1,8) of a (0,1,8) plane is from 0.5 or more to 3.0 or less.

A cutting tool according to the present disclosure has a rake face, a flank face, and a cutting edge. The cutting edge is located between the rake face and the flank face. The cutting tool includes a substrate composed of a cubic boron nitride sintered material, and an oxide layer that covers the substrate and that constitutes at least part or whole of the rake face, the flank face, and the cutting edge. The oxide layer includes at least one element selected from a group consisting of titanium, aluminum, zirconium, and cobalt. A thickness of the oxide layer is 2 μm or less.

A surface-coated cutting tool includes a base material and a coating covering the base material. The base material includes a rake face and a flank face. The coating includes a TiCN layer. The TiCN layer has a (422) orientation in a region d1 in the rake face. The TiCN layer has a (311) orientation in a region d2 in the flank face.

Chip discharge during high-feed machining and low-feed machining particularly in a high-depth-of-cut state or the like is improved so as to allow so-called freedom of feed during cutting to be improved. A cutting edge body of a cutting insert includes a front cutting edge formed on one end side in a longitudinal direction, the front cutting edge being a cutting edge formed on an intersecting edge between a peripheral side surface and an upper surface of the cutting edge body having a prismatic shape, a side cutting edge formed on one end side in a lateral direction, a recessed part provided in the upper surface of the cutting edge body to be subsequent to the side cutting edge in the lateral direction, and a wall part having a wavy wall surface formed in a portion of the recessed part and a discrete wall surface formed at a position between the wavy wall surface and the side cutting edge and including a plurality of surfaces which are discrete along the longitudinal direction.

A cutting tool includes: a rake face; a flank face continuous to the rake face; and a cutting edge formed by a ridgeline between the rake face and the flank face. The cutting tool includes: a base material having a first face on a side of the rake face and a second face on a side of the flank face; and a diamond layer covering the first face and the second face. The first face includes: a first top face continuous to the second face; and a second top face continuous to the first top face and disposed such that the first top face is sandwiched between the second top face and the second face. An angle formed between the first top face and the second top face is a negative angle in a cross section perpendicular to the cutting edge.

Chip discharge during high-feed machining and low-feed machining particularly in a high-depth-of-cut state or the like is improved so as to provide adaptability to a wide range of cutting conditions during low depth and high depth cutting and during low-feed and high-feed machining and allow so-called freedom of feed during cutting to be improved. A cutting insert includes a cutting edge body and a substrate to which the cutting edge body is joined. The cutting edge body has a prismatic shape having a longitudinal direction and a lateral direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and includes a cutting edge formed on an intersecting edge between a peripheral side surface and an upper surface of the cutting edge body having the prismatic shape and a recessed part formed at a position on the upper surface of the cutting edge body which is more distant from the intersecting edge than from the cutting edge. The substrate has a projected part upwardly projecting from the upper surface of the cutting edge body.

Chip discharge during high-feed machining and low-feed machining particularly in a high-depth-of-cut state or the like is improved so as to allow so-called freedom of feed during cutting to be improved. A cutting edge body of a cutting insert includes a front cutting edge formed on one end side in a longitudinal direction, the front cutting edge being a cutting edge formed on an intersecting edge between a peripheral side surface and an upper surface of the cutting edge body having a prismatic shape, a side cutting edge formed on one end side in a lateral direction, a recessed part provided in the upper surface of the cutting edge body to be subsequent to the side cutting edge in the lateral direction, and a wall part having a wavy wall surface formed in a portion of the recessed part and a discrete wall surface formed at a position between the wavy wall surface and the side cutting edge and including a plurality of surfaces which are discrete along the longitudinal direction.

In one aspect, cutting tools are provided comprising radiation ablation regions defining at least one of refractory surface microstructures and/or nanostructures. For example, a cutting tool described herein comprises at least one cutting edge formed by intersection of a flank face and a rake face, the flank face formed of a refractory material comprising radiation ablation regions defining at least one of surface microstructures and surface nanostructures, wherein surface pore structure of the refractory material is not occluded by the surface microstructures and surface nanostructures.

A coated cutting tool includes a substrate and a coating. The coating has an α-Al.sub.2O.sub.3-multilayer of alternating sublayers of α-Al.sub.2O.sub.3 and sublayers of TiCO, TiCNO, AlTiCO or AlTiCNO. The α-Al.sub.2O.sub.3-multilayer includes at least 5 sublayers of α-Al.sub.2O.sub.3, wherein the total thickness of the α-Al.sub.2O.sub.3-multilayer is 1-15 μm and wherein a period in the α-Al.sub.2O.sub.3-multilayer is 50-900 nm. The α-Al.sub.2O.sub.3-multilayer exhibits an XRD diffraction over a θ-2θ scan of 20°-140°, wherein the relation of the intensity of the 0 0 12 diffraction peak (peak area), I(0 0 12), to the intensities of the 1 1 3 diffraction peak (peak area), I(1 1 3), the 1 1 6 diffraction peak (peak area), I(1 1 6), and the 0 2 4 diffraction peak (peak area), I(0 2 4), is I(0 0 12)/I(1 1 3)>1, I(0 0 12)/I(1 1 6)>1 and I(0 0 12)/I(0 2 4)>1.