A processing target mold is usable to form, by molding, a processing target to be shaved by a shaving device. The processing target includes a hold portion held by the shaving device, a target portion to be formed into a post-shaving item, and a coupling portion coupling the hold portion with the target portion. A main body of the processing target mold includes a bottom member, an outer frame member extending upward from the bottom member, and a protruding member extending upward from a portion of the bottom member that is enclosed by the outer frame member as seen in a plan view. The main body includes an injection space enclosed by the bottom member and the outer frame member. A material is injected into the injection space. The injection space includes a hold space, a target space and a coupling space in which the hold portion, the target portion and the coupling portion are respectively formed by molding.

A processing target mold is usable to form, by molding, a processing target to be shaved by a shaving device. The processing target includes a hold portion held by the shaving device, a target portion to be formed into a post-shaving item, and a coupling portion coupling the hold portion with the target portion. A main body of the processing target mold includes a bottom member, an outer frame member extending upward from the bottom member, and a protruding member extending upward from a portion of the bottom member that is enclosed by the outer frame member as seen in a plan view. The main body includes an injection space enclosed by the bottom member and the outer frame member. A material is injected into the injection space. The injection space includes a hold space, a target space and a coupling space in which the hold portion, the target portion and the coupling portion are respectively formed by molding.

A machine tool includes a trough which collects chips; a mobile unit which is located above the trough and moves in the longitudinal direction of the trough on a bed, is configured from a first beam member, a second beam member, and a connecting member connecting the first beam member and the second beam member, and is formed with a hollow that opens toward the trough from above; a first guide which supports the mobile unit in such a manner that the mobile unit is movable in the longitudinal direction of the trough; a second guide which faces the first guide across the trough, and supports the mobile unit in such a manner that the mobile unit is movable in the longitudinal direction of the trough; and a cradle, both ends of which are supported by the first beam member and the second beam member.

A manufacturing system including a base and multiple work machine modules that are arranged in an arrangement direction on base to be attachable to and detachable from base, in which one wheel of a pair provided on work machine module is engaged with one rail of a pair provided on base in a state in which positional deviation in the arrangement direction is prohibited, and the other wheel of the pair is engaged with the other rail of the pair in a state in which positional deviation is permitted in the arrangement direction, thereby the position of work machine modules on the base in the arrangement direction is specified, and work machine modules are fixed at a setting position on the base to be restricted so as to be drawn toward the base by a module fixing mechanism that is provided on the base.

An adapter converts a three-axis milling machine to a five-axis milling machine includes two gimbal assemblies. A first gimbal assembly is configured to rotate about a first rotation axis. A second gimbal assembly is rotatably connected to the first gimbal assembly to rotate about a second rotation axis orthogonal to the first rotation axis. A first gimbal positioning system is operable to rotate the first gimbal assembly about the first rotation axis with a rotational movement of a first leadscrew positioned in a first plane orthogonal to the first rotation axis. A second gimbal positioning system is operable to rotate the second gimbal assembly about the second rotation axis with a rotational movement of the second leadscrew positioned in a second plane orthogonal to the second rotation axis. The second gimbal assembly includes a spindle and a motor coupled to the spindle to selectively rotate the spindle.

An adapter converts a three-axis milling machine to a five-axis milling machine includes two gimbal assemblies. A first gimbal assembly is configured to rotate about a first rotation axis. A second gimbal assembly is rotatably connected to the first gimbal assembly to rotate about a second rotation axis orthogonal to the first rotation axis. A first gimbal positioning system is operable to rotate the first gimbal assembly about the first rotation axis with a rotational movement of a first leadscrew positioned in a first plane orthogonal to the first rotation axis. A second gimbal positioning system is operable to rotate the second gimbal assembly about the second rotation axis with a rotational movement of the second leadscrew positioned in a second plane orthogonal to the second rotation axis. The second gimbal assembly includes a spindle and a motor coupled to the spindle to selectively rotate the spindle.

A machine tool for implementing machining with rotation, the machine tool includes a first rotor, an enclosure, a first rail, a second rail, and a coupler. The first rotor rotates about a rotational axis. The first rotor is surrounded with the enclosure. The first rail is disposed on the first rotor. The second rail is disposed on the enclosure so as to be brought into alignment with the first rail at a rotational position. The coupler moves along the first rail and the second rail. The coupler is to engage with the first rail and the second rail in a first state and to engage with the second rail without engaging with the first rail in a second state.

A machine tool for implementing machining with rotation, the machine tool includes a first rotor, an enclosure, a first rail, a second rail, and a coupler. The first rotor rotates about a rotational axis. The first rotor is surrounded with the enclosure. The first rail is disposed on the first rotor. The second rail is disposed on the enclosure so as to be brought into alignment with the first rail at a rotational position. The coupler moves along the first rail and the second rail. The coupler is to engage with the first rail and the second rail in a first state and to engage with the second rail without engaging with the first rail in a second state.

A rotation angle measuring device includes a light source for generating a first light beam with a first polarization direction and a second light beam with a second polarization direction; a first beam splitter for splitting the first light beam and the second light beam to generate a third light beam and a fourth light beam; an image sensor for sensing a first interference pattern generated by the first and second light beams passing through a first displacement measurement module, and sensing a second interference pattern generated by the third and fourth light beams passing through a second displacement measurement module; and a processing unit for calculating two displacement values at two different positions on a measured object according to the first and second interference patterns, in order to further calculate a rotation angle of the rotation angle measuring device relative to the measured object along a first axis.

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to methods for fabricating components, for example, 3D decorative items. In an embodiment, a method including positioning a spoil board on a worktable of a computer numeric control (CNC) machine; operating the CNC machine in a first mode to create an outline in the spoil board; positioning a first workpiece on the spoil board and over at least a portion of the outline; and operating the CNC machine in a second mode to cut into a portion of the first workpiece.