A feed-through, in particular a feed-through which passes through part of a housing, in particular a battery housing, for example made of metal, in particular light metal, for example aluminum, an aluminum alloy, AlSiC, magnesium, an magnesium alloy, titanium, a titanium alloy, steel, stainless steel or high-grade steel. The housing part has at least one opening through which at least one conductor, in particular an essentially pin-shaped conductor, embedded in a glass or glass ceramic material, is guided. The base body is, for example, an essentially annular-shaped base body and is hermetically sealed with the housing part such that the helium leakage rate is smaller than 1*10.sup.8 mbar l/sec.

A mask frame assembly including a frame including a first frame, a second frame, and a bonding layer disposed therebetween to couple the first frame to the second frame, a mask disposed on the frame, first and second ends of the mask overlapping the frame, and a welding unit penetrating the mask and the second frame to couple the mask to the second frame.

A pressure sensor (1) is specified, comprising a housing (2), a membrane (3), which forms with the housing (2) a chamber (4) closed off toward the outside, and a filling opening (6) for filling the chamber (4) with a fluid medium (5). The filling opening (6) is closed by means of a soldering or welding closure (7, 8). Furthermore, a method for producing a pressure sensor (1) is specified, wherein a housing (2), which together with a membrane (3) forms a chamber (4), is provided, the chamber (4) is filled with a fluid medium (5) through a filling opening (6), and the filling opening (6) is subsequently closed by means of soldering or welding.

The invention relates to reflective optical elements for a dynamic deflection of a laser beam and to a manufacturing method for these reflective elements. It is the object of the invention to provide reflective optical elements for a dynamic deflection of laser beams which can be manufactured less expensively and which are flexible in their geometrical design so that they achieve improved properties in dynamic operation. In the reflective optical element in accordance with the invention, a surface of a base body and a plate-shaped reflective element are connected to one another in a planar manner and with material continuity by means of a solder connection.

A method for creating metallic sandwich structures that includes providing at least two face sheets; providing at least two core sheets; orienting the core sheets relative to one another in a predetermined manner; and using indirect resistance roll brazing to join the core sheets to the face sheets to create a sandwich structure.

An exemplary method of making a piston assembly may include providing a piston crown defining at least in part an upper combustion bowl surface. The piston crown includes at least one crown mating surface. The method further comprising moving the crown mating surface in proximity to a skirt mating surface defined by a piston skirt, wherein the crown and skirt cooperate to define a cooling gallery extending about a periphery of the crown. The method may further include bonding the crown and skirt together by initiating an electric current along a conductive path between the crown and skirt mating surfaces, the conductive path comprising at least one conductive material extending from the crown mating surface to the skirt mating surface.

A double wall steel tube includes an inner tube wall and an outer tube wall. The inner and outer tube walls are formed from a tubing material including an inner layer of iron steel, first and second outer layers of an alloy of aluminum and silicon, a first intermediate layer disposed between the inner layer and the first outer layer, and a second intermediate layer disposed between the inner layer and the second outer layer. The first and second intermediate layers include aluminum, silicon and iron. The inner and outer tube walls are brazed together.

A method of electrically connecting a wire to a connection pad of a flexible circuit strip using a heat joining tool, wherein the flexible circuit strip includes a polymer body, a plurality of electrodes, a plurality of connection pads and a plurality of conductive traces, a trace connecting each of the plurality of electrodes to a connection pad of the plurality of connection pads, the method including: positioning the joining tool in proximity to a connection pad of the plurality of connection pads and a wire to be connected to the connection pad; activating the joining tool to heat a tip of the joining tool to electrically connect the wire to the connection pad; monitoring, during the activating, a resistance between the joining tool and an electrode electrically connected to the connection pad, which resistance indicative of temperature of the flexible circuit strip; and controlling the activating to maintain the resistance below an upper threshold associated with the flexible circuit strip reaching a damaging temperature.

A system includes: (I) a soldering assembly, including: (a) a joining tool, which is configured to: (i) press one or more wires against solder disposed over one or more pads, respectively, and (ii) heat the solder and the one or more wires; and (b) a spring, which is disposed between a movable stage and the joining tool, and is configured to press the joining tool against the one or more wires with an elastic force; and (II) a controller which is configured: (i) in a first step, to control a position of the movable stage relative to the joining tool for pressing the one or more wires against the solder, and (ii) in a second step, subsequent to the first step, to apply an electrical signal to the joining tool for heating the solder and the one or more wires and embedding the one or more wires in the solder.

A brazing apparatus to join a first component and a second component includes a heating element configured to melt a ring located at a joint between the first component and the second component, and a probe configured to contact the ring. A position of the probe is biased toward the ring. The probe is installed at a probe support. The probe is movable along a probe central axis relative to the probe support. A sensor is operably connected to the probe and is configured to determine movement of the probe along the probe central axis. The movement of the probe is indicative of melting of the ring.