The present invention pertains to: a method for arc spot welding a steel plate having a carbon equivalent CeqBM of 0.35 or more (the carbon equivalent CeqBM is defined in the specification) and containing 0.35 mass % or more of C, the method being characterized by forming a weld metal having a structure in which the proportion of an austenitic structure exceeds 80%; and a welding wire suitable for being used therefor. According to the arc spot welding method, brittle fracture can be prevented and high joint strength can be obtained even when the C content in the steel plate is high.

The present invention pertains to: a method for arc spot welding a steel plate having a carbon equivalent CeqBM of 0.35 or more (the carbon equivalent CeqBM is defined in the specification) and containing 0.35 mass % or more of C, the method being characterized by forming a weld metal having a structure in which the proportion of an austenitic structure exceeds 80%; and a welding wire suitable for being used therefor. According to the arc spot welding method, brittle fracture can be prevented and high joint strength can be obtained even when the C content in the steel plate is high.

A clamping element (100) is provided for a clamping device (200) for welding workpieces (10). The clamping element (100) includes a housing (110) and a pressure piece (120) that is arranged in a movable manner relative to the housing (110). The pressure piece (120) is supported at least indirectly on the housing (110) by a spring (130). The spring (130) is arranged in a radial direction between the housing (110) and a sleeve (150). A gas nozzle (300), of a welding device, is introducable into the housing (110), in particular into the sleeve (150). A clamping device (200) is also provided for welding workpieces (10). The clamping device (200) has at least one clamping element (100).

A clamping element (100) is provided for a clamping device (200) for welding workpieces (10). The clamping element (100) includes a housing (110) and a pressure piece (120) that is arranged in a movable manner relative to the housing (110). The pressure piece (120) is supported at least indirectly on the housing (110) by a spring (130). The spring (130) is arranged in a radial direction between the housing (110) and a sleeve (150). A gas nozzle (300), of a welding device, is introducable into the housing (110), in particular into the sleeve (150). A clamping device (200) is also provided for welding workpieces (10). The clamping device (200) has at least one clamping element (100).

A system for joining at least two components by welding includes a magnetic base for receiving the components for welding and a flexible magnetic member configurable to correspond to a weld path defining a weld joining the components. The flexible magnetic member exerts a retention force on the components in response to a magnetic field produced by selective activation of the magnetic base. The system can include a magnetic locating element positioned adjacent a perimeter edge of the component to be welded, for generating a repulsive magnetic force between the flexible magnetic member and the magnetic locating element to locate the flexible magnetic member relative to the perimeter edge and provide clearance for a welding device to access a continuous weld path defined by the perimeter edge, such that the welding device can form a continuous weld along the weld path. A welding method using the system is provided.

A system for joining at least two components by welding includes a magnetic base for receiving the components for welding and a flexible magnetic member configurable to correspond to a weld path defining a weld joining the components. The flexible magnetic member exerts a retention force on the components in response to a magnetic field produced by selective activation of the magnetic base. The system can include a magnetic locating element positioned adjacent a perimeter edge of the component to be welded, for generating a repulsive magnetic force between the flexible magnetic member and the magnetic locating element to locate the flexible magnetic member relative to the perimeter edge and provide clearance for a welding device to access a continuous weld path defined by the perimeter edge, such that the welding device can form a continuous weld along the weld path. A welding method using the system is provided.

An additive manufacturing system includes an energy source and a material delivery device. The energy source is configured to direct an energy beam toward a component to form a melt pool. The material delivery device is configured to feed a wire toward the melt pool to deposit material on the component. In some examples, the material delivery device is configured to discharge a current to the wire to disengage the wire from the melt pool. In some examples, the material delivery device is configured to measure an arc voltage between the wire and the component.

An additive manufacturing system includes an energy source and a material delivery device. The energy source is configured to direct an energy beam toward a component to form a melt pool. The material delivery device is configured to feed a wire toward the melt pool to deposit material on the component. In some examples, the material delivery device is configured to discharge a current to the wire to disengage the wire from the melt pool. In some examples, the material delivery device is configured to measure an arc voltage between the wire and the component.

A joint structure includes a first metallic material having a first projection, a second metallic material similar in type to the first metallic material and weldable to the first metallic material, and a different type of material having a first penetrating part and sandwiched between the first metallic material and the second metallic material, the different type of material being different in type from the first metallic material and the second metallic material and difficult to be welded to the first metallic material and the second metallic material. The first projection is smaller in diameter or width than the first penetrating part and is spaced from the rim of the first penetrating part by a first gap. The first projection is positioned in the first penetrating part and is spaced from the second metallic material by a second gap in the thickness direction of the first penetrating part. The second gap has a size of a predetermined percentage of the thickness of the first projection of the first metallic material to which arc welding id applied. The first metallic material and the second metallic material are melted and joined together inside the first penetrating part to compress and fix the different type of material, so that the different type of material, the first metallic material, and the second metallic material are fixed together.

In the present invention, a flat emitter is formed from emitter material preforms shaped as thin sheets of the emitter material. These sheets are subjected to various levels and/or amounts of mechanical working during their initial formation and are bonded to one another to create a preform having the desired thickness. The preform including the bonded sheets is subsequently worked to shape the preform into the desired configuration for the emitter. The working of the sheets of emitter material utilized to create the preform and the working of the preform to form the emitter provide a highly creep-resistant emitter that significantly improves the operation and useful life of the resulting emitter.