A second member is made of a material difficult to be welded to a first member. A first step includes forming a third member by welding a first filler material to the first member through a through-portion of the second member. A second step includes forming a fourth member by covering a surface of the third member with a second filler material and welding the fourth member to the second member.

A hybrid bumper assembly for a vehicle includes a steel reinforcement beam and aluminum crush cans attached to end portions of the steel reinforcement beam. The reinforcement beam has a multi-tubular shape that is formed by a high-strength steel sheet that is roll formed to provide at least two tubular portions. A crush can has an interfacing portion that is coupled to an end portion of the reinforcement beam. The end portions of the reinforcement beam and the interfacing portion of the crush cans may be configured to attach together using a select joining technology in a manner that minimizes or eliminates bimetallic or galvanic corrosion between the reinforcement beam and the crush cans.

A hybrid bumper assembly for a vehicle includes a steel reinforcement beam and aluminum crush cans attached to end portions of the steel reinforcement beam. The reinforcement beam has a multi-tubular shape that is formed by a high-strength steel sheet that is roll formed to provide at least two tubular portions. A crush can has an interfacing portion that is coupled to an end portion of the reinforcement beam. The end portions of the reinforcement beam and the interfacing portion of the crush cans may be configured to attach together using a select joining technology in a manner that minimizes or eliminates bimetallic or galvanic corrosion between the reinforcement beam and the crush cans.

The invention relates to rod thermometer device for detecting a temperature, including a plurality of temperature-sensitive elements and a protective sheath having an axis X in which the sensitive elements are partially inserted. The sheath is made of a metal constituting one of the two metals of a thermocouple, and the sensitive elements of a plurality of wires made of a metal other than that of the sheath and constituting the other one of the two metals of a thermocouple, one of the ends of each one of the wires being welded inside the sheath forming a junction for measuring a given thermocouple, the welded ends of the wires being distributed along a plurality of axial and azimuth positions relative to the axis X inside the sheath, each one of the wires extending out of the sheath by at least one of the ends thereof.

The invention relates to rod thermometer device for detecting a temperature, including a plurality of temperature-sensitive elements and a protective sheath having an axis X in which the sensitive elements are partially inserted. The sheath is made of a metal constituting one of the two metals of a thermocouple, and the sensitive elements of a plurality of wires made of a metal other than that of the sheath and constituting the other one of the two metals of a thermocouple, one of the ends of each one of the wires being welded inside the sheath forming a junction for measuring a given thermocouple, the welded ends of the wires being distributed along a plurality of axial and azimuth positions relative to the axis X inside the sheath, each one of the wires extending out of the sheath by at least one of the ends thereof.

Method of manufacturing a metal structural component (E) for a vehicle, comprising the steps of a) providing a planar blank (B); b) cutting out the blank (B) to create an opening (A) having a first portion (Q) and wherein the first portion (Q) of the opening A) has a second length (lt) in a first transverse direction (T); c) welding a patch (P) to the blank (B) so as to cover the opening (A), the patch (P) being made of the metal having greater ductility than the material of the blank (B); d) stamping the assembly formed by the blank (B) and the patch (P) to obtain the component (E).

Method of manufacturing a metal structural component (E) for a vehicle, comprising the steps of a) providing a planar blank (B); b) cutting out the blank (B) to create an opening (A) having a first portion (Q) and wherein the first portion (Q) of the opening A) has a second length (lt) in a first transverse direction (T); c) welding a patch (P) to the blank (B) so as to cover the opening (A), the patch (P) being made of the metal having greater ductility than the material of the blank (B); d) stamping the assembly formed by the blank (B) and the patch (P) to obtain the component (E).

An arc spot welding method able to give a predetermined weld bead diameter or excess metal height in a back surface weld bead of arc spot welding and able to give a welded joint excellent in both strengths of TSS and CTS and a welding apparatus for working the same are provided. A steel sheet containing carbon in 0.2 mass % or more and having a sheet thickness “t” and at least one steel sheet containing carbon in 0.2 mass % or more and having a sheet thickness of “t” or more are arranged overlaid, a backing plate comprising a non-contact part and a contact part maintaining the back surface of the lower side steel sheet and the non-contact part in a non-contact state is arranged so that the contact part contacts the back surface of the lower side steel sheet at a position exceeding 3t from the circle equivalent center of the back surface weld bead, and arc generation and short-circuit conduction where the welding voltage between the welding wire and upper side steel sheet becomes 10V or less are alternately repeated so that the time period of the short-circuit conduction becomes over 30% to less than 60% per cycle to thereby weld the steel sheet.

An arc spot welding method able to give a predetermined weld bead diameter or excess metal height in a back surface weld bead of arc spot welding and able to give a welded joint excellent in both strengths of TSS and CTS and a welding apparatus for working the same are provided. A steel sheet containing carbon in 0.2 mass % or more and having a sheet thickness “t” and at least one steel sheet containing carbon in 0.2 mass % or more and having a sheet thickness of “t” or more are arranged overlaid, a backing plate comprising a non-contact part and a contact part maintaining the back surface of the lower side steel sheet and the non-contact part in a non-contact state is arranged so that the contact part contacts the back surface of the lower side steel sheet at a position exceeding 3t from the circle equivalent center of the back surface weld bead, and arc generation and short-circuit conduction where the welding voltage between the welding wire and upper side steel sheet becomes 10V or less are alternately repeated so that the time period of the short-circuit conduction becomes over 30% to less than 60% per cycle to thereby weld the steel sheet.

Devices and methods to extract a desired product from organic matter using supercritical fluid extraction processes are described herein. The extraction vessel generally includes a reaction chamber, a water jacket affixed to the reaction chamber capable of separate pressurization, and a closure mechanism with a gasket, a plug, and a cap ring with ACME threading. The extraction vessel may be sealed by hand closure without a need for additional tools to create a seal able to withstand pressures up to 5,000 psi.