A bearing including a backing formed of a steel material, a lining formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and a diffusion barrier layer disposed between the backing and the lining is provided. The diffusion barrier layer is formed of nickel or a nickel alloy and has a thickness ranging from 1 micron to 100 microns. The bearing is typically formed by cladding the lining or plating the steel backing with the diffusion barrier layer, bonding the lining and the backing with the diffusion barrier layer between, heating to a temperature of at least 400° C., and forming the bearing into a shape after or before the heating step.

A bearing including a backing formed of a steel material, a lining formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and a diffusion barrier layer disposed between the backing and the lining is provided. The diffusion barrier layer is formed of nickel or a nickel alloy and has a thickness ranging from 1 micron to 100 microns. The bearing is typically formed by cladding the lining or plating the steel backing with the diffusion barrier layer, bonding the lining and the backing with the diffusion barrier layer between, heating to a temperature of at least 400° C., and forming the bearing into a shape after or before the heating step.

A method for welding at least three cables, each with two conductors protruding from the sheath ends of the cables includes stripping ends of the first conductors and stacking from opposite directions atop one another forming a first stack. The stripped ends of the second conductors are stacked atop one another from opposite directions at a working distance from the first stack forming a second stack. The first stack is arranged in a welding area of a welding device and welded to a first welding point, while the second stack is arranged in a waiting area spaced by the working distance from the welding area. The first welding point is moved by the working distance from the welding area to a storage area, while the second stack is moved by the working distance from the waiting area into the welding area and is welded to a second welding point.

Provided is a wire bonding state determination device which determines a bonding state between a pad and a wire after the wire is bonded to the pad. The wire bonding state determination device includes: a waveform detector which makes an incident wave incident to the wire, and detects a transmission waveform of the wire and a reflection waveform from a first bonding surface between the pad and the wire; and a bonding determination unit which determines the bonding state between the pad and the wire based on the transmission waveform and the reflection waveform detected by the waveform detector.

Provided is a wire bonding state determination device which determines a bonding state between a pad and a wire after the wire is bonded to the pad. The wire bonding state determination device includes: a waveform detector which makes an incident wave incident to the wire, and detects a transmission waveform of the wire and a reflection waveform from a first bonding surface between the pad and the wire; and a bonding determination unit which determines the bonding state between the pad and the wire based on the transmission waveform and the reflection waveform detected by the waveform detector.

An ultrasonic welding device for a secondary battery is provided. The ultrasonic welding device is configured to weld an overlapping surface of an electrode tab and an electrode lead in an electrode assembly. The ultrasonic welding device includes an anvil on which the overlapping surface of the electrode tab and the electrode lead are disposed. A horn is configured to apply ultrasonic waves to the overlapping surface of the electrode tab and the electrode lead while pressing the overlapping surface. The overlapping surface is disposed on the anvil. An electrode tab measuring part is configured to measure a thickness of the electrode tab disposed on the overlapping surface. A pressure adjusting device is configured to adjust a pressure applied to the overlapping surface by the anvil and the horn according to the thickness value of the electrode tab. The thickness value is measured by the electrode tab measuring part.

A system includes a tool configured to be positioned proximate to respective welding surface of separate components. The tool includes a tool head and an actuator configured to drive rotation of the tool head. The tool also includes a controller having a memory operatively coupled to a processor. The processor is configured to provide a command signal to the actuator to apply a pulsed torque to drive rotation of the tool head to facilitate joining the respective welding surfaces of the separate components to one another.

The method of orbital friction surfacing of components using a consumable solid tool comprises rotating the consumable featureless solid tool, plunging the tool toward a component until a desired spindle force is attained, and moving the component relative to the tool to lay down a deposition of material.

The present invention discloses an electromagnetic pulse-aided friction stir lock welding processing device and method, which comprises an upper die body and a lower die body. The upper end of the lower die body is provided with a frustum-shaped settling tank. The lower end of the upper die body is provided with a tip inserted into the settling tank, an outer wall of the tip is fitted with an inner wall of the settling tank, a gap for placing parts to be processed is arranged between the upper die body and the lower die body.

The present invention discloses an electromagnetic pulse-aided friction stir lock welding processing device and method, which comprises an upper die body and a lower die body. The upper end of the lower die body is provided with a frustum-shaped settling tank. The lower end of the upper die body is provided with a tip inserted into the settling tank, an outer wall of the tip is fitted with an inner wall of the settling tank, a gap for placing parts to be processed is arranged between the upper die body and the lower die body.