The present disclosure various apparatuses, and systems for 3D printing. The present disclosure provides three-dimensional (3D) printing methods, apparatuses, software and systems for a step and repeat energy irradiation process; controlling material characteristics and/or deformation of the 3D object; reducing deformation in a printed 3D object; and planarizing a material bed.

The invention relates to a laser machining tool (100), in particular a laser cutting tool, comprising a machining device (1) which is guided on a bridge (10) and has a movable carriage (2), on which a machining unit (3) is arranged, which has a machining head (4), which is designed in such a way that it directs a laser beam of laser light onto a workpiece to be machined, wherein a flexible fibre cable (6) for supplying the laser light from a laser light source (16) is connected to the machining head (4) and the machining unit (3) can be moved linearly together with the machining head (4) relative to the movable carriage (2). The fibre cable (6) is fixed to the machining unit (3) with a first fixing means (7) and fixed to the movable carriage (2) with a second fixing means (8), wherein the fibre cable (6) is freely movable for enabling a linear movement of the machining unit (3) relative to the movable carriage (2) in a predetermined guide plane (G) between the first and second fixing means (7, 8).

A method of additive manufacture is disclosed. The method may include creating, by a 3D printer contained within an enclosure, a part having a weight greater than or equal to 2,000 kilograms. A gas management system may maintain gaseous oxygen within the enclosure atmospheric level. In some embodiments, a wheeled vehicle may transport the part from inside the enclosure, through an airlock, as the airlock operates to buffer between a gaseous environment within the enclosure and a gaseous environment outside the enclosure, and to a location exterior to both the enclosure and the airlock.

The invention relates to a handheld laser machining apparatus for machining a workpiece. The laser machining apparatus comprises a handheld apparatus (100) comprising an optical device for deflecting laser beams onto the workpiece, a supply unit (3) for open-loop or closed-loop control of the handheld device and/or for supplying power/fluid to the handheld device and a funnel (4) for coupling the handheld device to the workpiece. The invention also relates to a funnel (4) for a corresponding laser machining apparatus.

The present invention provides a machining fluid comprising a first phase fluid and a second phase fluid pressurized to be dissolved in the first phase fluid. The present invention further provides a machining device comprising an injecting head having a nozzle and a flow channel communicating with the nozzle for guiding the machining fluid to the nozzle injecting the machining fluid to an object. Alternatively, the present invention further provides a machining device comprising a light source for generating a laser beam and an injecting head having a nozzle and a flow channel communicating with the nozzle. The flow channel guides a machining fluid having a first phase fluid and a second phase fluid such that the machining fluid is injected to an object by the nozzle. The injecting head also receives the laser beam and guides the laser beam to the object through the nozzle.

An invention for 2D and/or 3D scanning devices. The invention discloses a method and an apparatus for precise control and regulation of laser processing in order to provide a desired energy density delivered by the scanner across the work surface for printing and/or sensing applications.

Laser additive manufacturing and a method for preparing thin-walled preforms by laser metal deposition and follow-up rolling. This can solve the problems that when the existing laser metal deposition technology prepares the thin-walled preforms, the limit width size of a molten pool at high power affects the forming wall thickness of the preforms so that it is difficult to prepare preforms with wall thickness less than 2 mm, and the problems of poor surface quality and low accuracy of preforms due to convex and concave peaks caused by the interlayer overlapping, but also can solve the problems that a laser beam with a preset trajectory cannot act on the end surfaces of the preforms due to preform deformation caused by residual stress in a printing process so that the preforms cannot be continuously formed.

A laser processing apparatus includes at least a laser oscillator, optical fiber (30), and laser head (40). Laser head (40) includes at least first and second shield glasses (45) and (47) and first and second light receivers (51) and (52) inside second housing (41). In first and second shield glasses (45) and (47), first and second coating films (46) and (48) are respectively provided on light receiving surfaces of laser light (LB). First light receiver (51) receives laser light (LB) reflected by first coating film (46) and outputs a first light receiving signal, and second light receiver (52) receives laser light (LB) reflected by peripheral portion (48b) of second coating film (48) and outputs a second light receiving signal.

A method for improvement of adhesion and distribution along the surface of coatings using a femtosecond laser is described. The process starts from chemical preparation or cleaning of the target material, surface predetermination, laser irradiation of the surface until a certain surface geometry is obtained, which gives the surface improved wetting properties and chemical surface activation which results in improved adhesion of the coatings on the target material surface. The surface geometries and dimensions to be obtained during irradiation are selected according to the properties of the coating and target material, including the laser parameters and/or the environment to obtain the desired surface geometry, considering possible geometry errors without compromising essential adhesion.

A method and associated device for joining a battery cell tab to a plurality of foils associated with a plurality of electrodes of a battery cell are described. This includes arranging the plurality of foils in a stack, and joining, via a first joining device, the plurality of foils, wherein the first joining device defines a joining region. A portion of the battery cell tab is arranged on the plurality of foils, and joined, via a second joining device, to the plurality of foils. The second joining device generates a weld joint that is encompassed within the joining region defined by the first joining device. In doing so, weld quality and strength of internal welds in a battery cell may be improved by reducing the occurrence of porosities and cracks in the foil/tab weld joints.