A surface treatment system includes a holder configured to secure an object within the holder and a surface treatment device that is configured to treat a surface of the object within the holder with two types of surface treatments. The device is capable of producing a plasma or a flame at its nozzle for surface treatment. By controlling the materials supplied to the device and the way in which is operated, either a flame or plasma is produced. Thus, the surface treatment system is capable of treating a wide range of materials for printing by a direct-to-object printer.

The invention relates to additive manufacturing field and laser shock peening (LSP) field, in particular to a combined apparatus for layer-by-layer interactive additive manufacturing with laser thermal/mechanical effects. In the apparatus, a LSP module and a SLM module operate in alternate so as to perform LSP for the formed part in the forming process of the formed part, and thereby a better strengthening effect of the formed part is achieved. The invention effectively overcomes the challenges of shape control against deformation and cracking of the formed parts incurred by internal stress and property control against poor fatigue property of the formed parts incurred by metallurgical defects during additive manufacturing, improves fatigue strength and mechanical properties of the faulted parts, and realizes high-efficiency and high-quality holistic processing of the formed parts.

An additive manufacturing process is disclosed that involves positioning a metallic layer beneath a component substrate and welding the metallic layer to the component substrate using laser energy.

A welding machine includes a main transformer having first primary winding, a second primary winding, and a secondary winding; a power board configured to receiving mains power and to convert the mains power to converted power to be input to the main transformer; a switch having an input connected to an output of the power board, a first output connected to the first primary winding of the main transformer, and a second output connected to the second primary winding of the main transformer; and a control board configured to control the switch to be arranged in one of (i) a first configuration in which the converted power is supplied, in series, to a first primary winding of a main transformer switching and a second primary winding of the main transformer, and (ii) a second configuration in which the converted power is supplied, in parallel, to the first primary winding of the main transformer and to the second primary winding of the main transformer.

A welding machine includes a main transformer having first primary winding, a second primary winding, and a secondary winding; a power board configured to receiving mains power and to convert the mains power to converted power to be input to the main transformer; a switch having an input connected to an output of the power board, a first output connected to the first primary winding of the main transformer, and a second output connected to the second primary winding of the main transformer; and a control board configured to control the switch to be arranged in one of (i) a first configuration in which the converted power is supplied, in series, to a first primary winding of a main transformer switching and a second primary winding of the main transformer, and (ii) a second configuration in which the converted power is supplied, in parallel, to the first primary winding of the main transformer and to the second primary winding of the main transformer.

A welding method for integrally welding three or more superposed metal plates includes a spot welding of joining the first vehicle body structure plate and the second vehicle body structure plate by spot welding in a plurality of places along an opening edge of the door opening portion in a state where each of the metal plates is superposed, and a laser welding of joining the surface plate and the first vehicle body structure plate in a plurality of places including a place between welding places of the spot welding after the spot welding. The joining being performed by emitting laser light to the surface plate and by scanning the laser light to stir a molten pool including a molten metal of the surface plate and the first vehicle body structure plate melted by the laser light.

A welding method for integrally welding three or more superposed metal plates includes a spot welding of joining the first vehicle body structure plate and the second vehicle body structure plate by spot welding in a plurality of places along an opening edge of the door opening portion in a state where each of the metal plates is superposed, and a laser welding of joining the surface plate and the first vehicle body structure plate in a plurality of places including a place between welding places of the spot welding after the spot welding. The joining being performed by emitting laser light to the surface plate and by scanning the laser light to stir a molten pool including a molten metal of the surface plate and the first vehicle body structure plate melted by the laser light.

A welded blank includes a first pre-coated steel sheet, a second pre-coated steel sheet the first pre-coated steel sheet including a principal first face and an opposite principal first face, the first layer being removed by melting and vaporization in a first peripheral zone of the first pre-coated steel sheet, and the second pre-coated steel sheet including a second principal face and an opposite second principal face, the second layer being removed by melting and vaporization in a second peripheral zone of the second pre-coated steel sheet. At least one welded joint defining a median plane perpendicular to the first and second principal faces. The welded joint area has at least one advantageous characteristic such as a sum of the widths of the first and second peripheral zones of the first and second pre-coated steel sheets varying by less than 10% along the welded joint, the first and second solidification ripples being aligned at the welded joint with respect to the median plane, morphologies of the first and second solidification ripples at the welded joint being identical and symmetrical, and/or an aluminum content in the welded joint being below 0.3%.

A welded blank includes a first pre-coated steel sheet, a second pre-coated steel sheet the first pre-coated steel sheet including a principal first face and an opposite principal first face, the first layer being removed by melting and vaporization in a first peripheral zone of the first pre-coated steel sheet, and the second pre-coated steel sheet including a second principal face and an opposite second principal face, the second layer being removed by melting and vaporization in a second peripheral zone of the second pre-coated steel sheet. At least one welded joint defining a median plane perpendicular to the first and second principal faces. The welded joint area has at least one advantageous characteristic such as a sum of the widths of the first and second peripheral zones of the first and second pre-coated steel sheets varying by less than 10% along the welded joint, the first and second solidification ripples being aligned at the welded joint with respect to the median plane, morphologies of the first and second solidification ripples at the welded joint being identical and symmetrical, and/or an aluminum content in the welded joint being below 0.3%.

A production method for a bonding tool with a body that has an elongated tool shank of the bonding tool and a tool tip adjoining the tool shank, and with a blind hole that is provided in the region of an elongated tool shank of the bonding tool and that is carried into the region of a tool tip, wherein a contact surface of the bonding tool is provided on the tool tip, comprising the following production steps: first a through opening is produced that is carried through the tool shank to the tool tip; then the through opening is closed in the region of the tool tip by a terminating element inserted into the body.