This application relates to a protective apparatus. The protective apparatus is configured to protect a to-be-welded part, the to-be-welded part includes a welding region, and the protective apparatus includes a base and a protective mechanism. The base is configured for embedding the to-be-welded part. The protective mechanism is connected to the base. The protective mechanism includes a welding hole, where the welding hole is provided corresponding to the welding region; and a surface of the protective mechanism facing the welding hole is provided with a thermally conductive coating, where the thermally conductive coating is configured to guide substances formed in welding the to-be-welded part to slide down along the surface of the thermally conductive coating. The protective apparatus in this application can improve welding quality of the welding region, thereby enhancing performance of the to-be-welded part.

This application relates to a protective apparatus. The protective apparatus is configured to protect a to-be-welded part, the to-be-welded part includes a welding region, and the protective apparatus includes a base and a protective mechanism. The base is configured for embedding the to-be-welded part. The protective mechanism is connected to the base. The protective mechanism includes a welding hole, where the welding hole is provided corresponding to the welding region; and a surface of the protective mechanism facing the welding hole is provided with a thermally conductive coating, where the thermally conductive coating is configured to guide substances formed in welding the to-be-welded part to slide down along the surface of the thermally conductive coating. The protective apparatus in this application can improve welding quality of the welding region, thereby enhancing performance of the to-be-welded part.

A laser machine for machining workpieces has a workpiece support that forms a support main plane and is permeable to air perpendicularly to the support main plane. Supply air is directed to an upper side of the workpiece support. Air that is contaminated due to machining is discharged as exhaust air from the upper side of the workpiece support through the workpiece support to the bottom side of the workpiece support. In order to generate a laminar supply air flow which is perpendicular to the upper side of the workpiece support, the flow cross section of the supply air channel is divided into partial cross sections by partial cross sectional walls.

A laser machine for machining workpieces has a workpiece support that forms a support main plane and is permeable to air perpendicularly to the support main plane. Supply air is directed to an upper side of the workpiece support. Air that is contaminated due to machining is discharged as exhaust air from the upper side of the workpiece support through the workpiece support to the bottom side of the workpiece support. In order to generate a laminar supply air flow which is perpendicular to the upper side of the workpiece support, the flow cross section of the supply air channel is divided into partial cross sections by partial cross sectional walls.

A stencil mask and a stencil printing method are provided. The stencil mask includes: a non-reinforcement portion having a mask surface configured to contact a substrate surface of a substrate; and a reinforcement portion having a thickness greater than that of the non-reinforcement portion, wherein the reinforcement portion includes: an embossed surface for insertion into a cavity of substrate and configured to contact a cavity bottom surface when the stencil mask is placed onto the substrate for stencil printing; and at least one first stencil window that allows the fluid material to flow through the reinforcement portion, wherein the at least one first stencil window is aligned with the at least one printing region within the cavity when the stencil mask is placed onto the substrate for stencil printing.

A stencil mask and a stencil printing method are provided. The stencil mask includes: a non-reinforcement portion having a mask surface configured to contact a substrate surface of a substrate; and a reinforcement portion having a thickness greater than that of the non-reinforcement portion, wherein the reinforcement portion includes: an embossed surface for insertion into a cavity of substrate and configured to contact a cavity bottom surface when the stencil mask is placed onto the substrate for stencil printing; and at least one first stencil window that allows the fluid material to flow through the reinforcement portion, wherein the at least one first stencil window is aligned with the at least one printing region within the cavity when the stencil mask is placed onto the substrate for stencil printing.

Provided are a jet device and systems and methods using the jet device for manufacturing objects by additive manufacturing, especially titanium and titanium alloy objects, wherein the jet device directs a cooling gas across a liquid molten pool, or to impinge on the liquid molten pool, or to impinge upon a solidified material adjacent to a liquid-solid boundary of the liquid molten pool, or to impinge on an as-solidified material, or any combination thereof, during the additive manufacturing process. The application of the cooling gas can result in an additively manufactured metal product having refined grain structure with a high proportion of the grains being approximately equiaxed, and can yield an additively manufactured product exhibiting improvements in strength, fatigue resistance, and durability.

Provided are a jet device and systems and methods using the jet device for manufacturing objects by additive manufacturing, especially titanium and titanium alloy objects, wherein the jet device directs a cooling gas across a liquid molten pool, or to impinge on the liquid molten pool, or to impinge upon a solidified material adjacent to a liquid-solid boundary of the liquid molten pool, or to impinge on an as-solidified material, or any combination thereof, during the additive manufacturing process. The application of the cooling gas can result in an additively manufactured metal product having refined grain structure with a high proportion of the grains being approximately equiaxed, and can yield an additively manufactured product exhibiting improvements in strength, fatigue resistance, and durability.

The present disclosure various apparatuses, and systems for 3D printing. The present disclosure provides three-dimensional (3D) printing methods, apparatuses, software and systems for a step and repeat energy irradiation process; controlling material characteristics and/or deformation of the 3D object; reducing deformation in a printed 3D object; and planarizing a material bed.

The present disclosure various apparatuses, and systems for 3D printing. The present disclosure provides three-dimensional (3D) printing methods, apparatuses, software and systems for a step and repeat energy irradiation process; controlling material characteristics and/or deformation of the 3D object; reducing deformation in a printed 3D object; and planarizing a material bed.